Abstract
Control of a nuclear reactor poses a challenge to a control-system designer due to the inherent nonlinear and a time varying nature of the associated dynamics which changes with the power level and the depletion level of the radio-active fuel in the reactor core. A constraint on the rate of rise of reactor power poses an additional challenge restricting the operation of a Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) mostly as a base load station. Conventional reactor control approaches aim to achieve a stable reactor period around a designated reactor power level—which is usually 100% Full Power (FP), with refinements like flux-tilt control and zonal power level variations within a narrow range using reactivity devices distributed across the reactor core. A bulk power controller is invoked either to raise the reactor power to a steady operational level or during a sharp reduction, known as a step-back and seldom in a demand following mode.
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Acknowledgements
The author acknowledges the support received from his former doctoral students Dr. Suman Saha, Dr. Saptarshi Das and Dr. Shohan Banerjee in preparing the material presented in this chapter. The MATLAB codes developed by Dr. Saha and Dr. Das have been used extensively for producing the Figs. 7.4, 7.6 and 7.9. The author also acknowledges the support from IEEE for the permission to reproduce Figs. 7.7 and 7.8 and 10 from the sources referenced in the respective figures.
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Gupta, A. (2020). Robust Control of Nuclear Reactors with Proportional—Integral-Derivative (PID) Controllers: The Fractional Order (FO) and Interval Approaches. In: Mukhopadhyay, A., Sen, S., Basu, D., Mondal, S. (eds) Dynamics and Control of Energy Systems. Energy, Environment, and Sustainability. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0536-2_7
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