Abstract
This chapter presents an English translation of the section on agricultural impacts, which is a part of the Assessment Report on the Impact of Climate Change in Japan originally published in Japanese, 2015. The translated document enables researchers who are not accessible to the original report written in Japanese capturing an overview of the observed agricultural impacts in Japan due to climate change and associated governmental policy responses to adapt to climate change. Such information helps lead to a standardized international comparison in agricultural adaptation policy. The subsection numbers in this chapter follow those used in the Climate Change Impact Assessment Report.
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Notes
- 1.
Rice-paddy acreage all over the country in 2017 was 1,370,000 ha, and the planted area of high-temperature-tolerant varieties was 93,800 ha.
- 2.
Due to high temperature during the flowering period, pollination is hindered and starch does not accumulate in the grain.
- 3.
Plant growth regulator used for the purpose of accelerating the ripening period, fruit thinning, and mitigating peel puffing of citrus fruits
- 4.
Plant growth regulator used for the purposes including accelerating the growth of fruit trees, accelerating flowering and fruit enlargement
- 5.
Plant growth regulator used for the purposes including accelerating coloring of fruit and mitigating peel puffing of satsuma mandarin oranges
- 6.
A technique leading to improvement of coloring as follows: peeling off the outer skin of a trunk and sending nutrients made in leaves to a fruit cluster, without sending them to parts lower than the peeled part
- 7.
A phenomenon where a sprout comes out of a seed that grew on an ear due to events including rainfall before harvesting
- 8.
A major pest insect for tea, which is a parasite living in the branches and trunk of a tea plant. It causes damages including dieback, due to decaying tree vigor. In recent years, its outbreak has been frequent nationwide, but there is no clear cause-and-effect relationship between climate change and the trend.
- 9.
A device made by combining a water-dampened cooling pad and a cooling fan, which obtains cooling effects by evaporatively cooling a greenhouse for agriculture
- 10.
A technology that efficiently uses thermal energy by a small amount of input energy
- 11.
As specified by the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries in Article 22 of the Plant Protection Act (Act No. 151 of 1950), pests and diseases of which distribution in Japan is not limited to certain area, and they spread quickly and tend to do material harm to crops.
- 12.
Pests and diseases that possibly do material harm to useful plants if they spread within the country
- 13.
Insect pests that travel from several hundred kilometers to several thousand kilometers using not only their own flying capability, but also a large-scale weather phenomenon, including many serious insect pests in agriculture such as plant hoppers, aphids, and Noctuidae. Insect pests such as rice brown plant hopper (Nilaparvata lugens) and the white backed plant hopper (Sogatella furcifera) are known to migrate mainly to western Japan across from mainland China by a low-level jet stream that develops during the rainy season in Japan.
- 14.
Substances that have harmful effects on humans and livestock among natural chemical substances made by mold
References
Central Environment Council: Report on impact assessment of climate change in Japan and future issues (Opinions) (March 2015) (Japanese) http://www.env.go.jp/press/upload/upfile/100480/27461.pdf
National Plan for Adaptation to the Impacts of Climate Change (Cabinet Decision on 27 November 2018) (Japanese) http://www.env.go.jp/earth/tekiou/tekioukeikaku.pdf
National Plan for Adaptation to the Impacts of Climate Change (Cabinet Decision on 27 November 2015) (English) http://www.env.go.jp/en/focus/docs/files/20151127-101.pdf
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Yuji, S. (2019). Agricultural Adaptation Policy in Japan. In: Iizumi, T., Hirata, R., Matsuda, R. (eds) Adaptation to Climate Change in Agriculture. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9235-1_9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9235-1_9
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