Abstract
Reverse osmosis (RO) is a widely used point of use treatment system for drinking water in many households. Quantity of reject water coming out of these systems is approximately 70% of feed and generally disposed off in drainages. Presently available literature lacks comprehensive knowledge regarding quality and quantity of reject coming out of household RO systems. Also, wastage of large amount of water in the form of reject makes it necessary to find a better disposal option. It can be reused for irrigation of gardens or farms, washing and flushing at the household level, etc., and can be recycled to minimize wastage. In this context, the present study is carried out to evaluate the quality and quantity of feed and reject water of various RO systems used at household. The water samples were collected and analyzed for quality parameters like pH, TDS, total hardness, Ca, Mg and MPN. The flow rate was also measured for some RO systems. Results indicated that TDS of feed water and reject water ranged between 238 to 1317 mg/L and 279 to 1616 mg/L, respectively. Sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and residual sodium carbonate (RSC) were found to be 1.86 and −8.00, respectively. It is concluded that reject water is suitable for irrigation to garden plants and can be disposed off in soil without any treatment.
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Bhagwat, D.S., Munavalli, G.R. (2020). Study on Feed and Reject Water Quality in Reverse Osmosis Systems. In: Sivasubramanian, V., Subramanian, S. (eds) Global Challenges in Energy and Environment. Lecture Notes on Multidisciplinary Industrial Engineering. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9213-9_11
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9213-9_11
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