The Ecological Theory of Marxism

Zeng, Fanren

doi:10.1007/978-981-13-8984-9_4

Fanren Zeng²

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Abstract

Ecological theory results from human beings rethinking history in the context of the intensifying conflict between human beings and nature due to the extreme expansion of capitalism since the 1970s. In fact, such reflections started to emerge from the great theories of Marx and Engels in the 19th century.

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Notes

1.
Marx and Engels [1], (Vol. 1), p. 16.
2.
Marx and Engels [2], (Vol. 42), p. 167.
3.
Marx and Engels [2], (Vol. 42), p. 97.
4.
Marx and Engels [1], (Vol. 1), p. 19.
5.
Marx and Engels [2], (Vol. 42), p. 95.
6.
Ibid., p. 167.
7.
Marx and Engels [1], (Vol. 3), p. 492.
8.
Marx and Engels [2], (Vol. 42), p. 97.
9.
Ibid., p. 93.
10.
Marx and Engels [2], (Vol. 42), p. 369.
11.
Ibid., p. 124.
12.
Ibid., p. 120.
13.
Marx [3], (Vol. 1), p. 344.
14.
Ibid., p. 553.
15.
Marx and Engels [1], (Vol. 3), p. 484.
16.
Ibid., p. 492.
17.
Ibid., pp. 337–338.
18.
Marx and Engels [1], (Vol. 3), p. 508.
19.
Ibid., p. 517.
20.
Ibid., p. 513.
21.
Ibid., p. 517.
22.
Marx and Engels [1], (Vol. 3), p. 520.
23.
Ibid.., p. 529.
24.
Ibid., p. 517.
25.
Ibid., p. 518.
26.
Marx and Engels [1], (Vol. 3), p. 518.
27.
Ibid., p. 458.
28.
Ibid., p. 562.
29.
Pepper [4], “Preface”, p. 1.
30.
Ibid.
31.
Ibid., p. 91.
32.
Ibid., p. 93.
33.
Pepper [4], p. 101.
34.
Ibid., p. 355.
35.
Ibid., p. Forward p. 2.
36.
Ibid., p. 1.
37.
Ibid., p. 354.
38.
See Journal of Social Sciences, 7th edition, October 11, 2007.

References

Marx and Engels. (1972). Selected works. People’s Publishing House (《马克思恩格斯选集》,人民出版社1972年版).
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Marx and Engels. (1979). Collected works. People’s Publishing House.
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Marx. (1975). Capital. People’s Publishing House.
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[English] Pepper, D. (2005). Ecological socialism: From deep ecology to social justice, translated by Liu Ying. Shandong University Press.
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Shandong University, Beijing, China
Fanren Zeng

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Zeng, F. (2019). The Ecological Theory of Marxism. In: Introduction to Ecological Aesthetics. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8984-9_4

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8984-9_4
Published: 27 August 2019
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-13-8983-2
Online ISBN: 978-981-13-8984-9
eBook Packages: Religion and PhilosophyPhilosophy and Religion (R0)

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