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Macrophages in Renal Fibrosis

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Renal Fibrosis: Mechanisms and Therapies

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1165))

Abstract

Monocytes/macrophages are highly involved in the process of renal injury, repair and fibrosis in many aspects of experimental and human renal diseases. Monocyte-derived macrophages, characterized by high heterogeneity and plasticity, are recruited, activated, and polarized in the whole process of renal fibrotic diseases in response to local microenvironment. As classically activated M1 or CD11b+/Ly6Chigh macrophages accelerate renal injury by producing pro-inflammatory factors like tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) and interleukins, alternatively activated M2 or CD11b+/Ly6Cintermediate macrophages may contribute to kidney repair by exerting anti-inflammation and wound healing functions. However, uncontrolled M2 macrophages or CD11b+/Ly6Clow macrophages promote renal fibrosis via paracrine effects or direct transition to myofibroblast-like cells via the process of macrophage-to-myofibroblast transition (MMT). In this regard, therapeutic strategies targeting monocyte/macrophage recruitment, activation, and polarization should be emphasized in the treatment of renal fibrosis.

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Acknowledgements

This study is supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China 81300580 and 81570623), Science and Technological Fund of Anhui Province for Outstanding Youth of China (Grant number: 1608085J07), Lui Chi Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, and the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong (GRF 14121816, 14163317, C7018-16G, TRS T12-402/13N).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China

    Xiao-Ming Meng

  2. Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, and Lui Chi Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China

    Thomas Shiu-Kwong Mak & Hui-Yao Lan

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  1. Xiao-Ming Meng
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  2. Thomas Shiu-Kwong Mak
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  3. Hui-Yao Lan
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Correspondence to Hui-Yao Lan .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China

    Bi-Cheng Liu

  2. Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong

    Hui-Yao Lan

  3. Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China

    Lin-Li Lv

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Meng, XM., Mak, T.SK., Lan, HY. (2019). Macrophages in Renal Fibrosis. In: Liu, BC., Lan, HY., Lv, LL. (eds) Renal Fibrosis: Mechanisms and Therapies. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1165. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8871-2_13

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