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Root Nodule Development in Model Versus Non-canonical Plants

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Plant Biotechnology: Progress in Genomic Era

Abstract

Nitrogen-fixing symbiosis is the most successful metabolism-dependent mutualistic symbiosis on earth that influences global nitrogen cycles. Engineering and improvement of this symbiosis is the major avenue towards sustainable agriculture. Root nodule symbiosis (RNS) is restricted to a monophyletic group of angiosperm order. Collectively this group is called nitrogen-fixing symbiosis (NFS) clade. Tremendous multifariousness exists among the infection mechanism, nodule structure, and nitrogen fixation efficiency among nodules. We have gained significant knowledge about the molecular mechanism of RNS in last two decades, using model legumes Medicago truncatula and Lotus japonicus. In this chapter, we present the current status of model legumes used to unveil the molecular mechanisms behind the development of nodules and RNS. We further introduce non-canonical legume species that have been used to expand our understanding of the traits associated with RNS in plants. We have also highlighted the extraordinary variations which came up during the evolution of the RNS. This comparative approach will enable us to identify the variable genetic events that rendered NFS to the RNS clade. In turn, this knowledge will hopefully allow us to carefully engineer it in non-fixing crops.

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  1. National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India

    Bikash Raul & Senjuti Sinharoy

  2. Bogazici University, İstanbul, Turkey

    Igor Kryvoruchko

  3. Division of Plant and Soil Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA

    Vagner A. Benedito

  4. Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Gurgaon, Haryana, India

    Kaustav Bandyopadhyay

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Raul, B., Kryvoruchko, I., Benedito, V.A., Bandyopadhyay, K., Sinharoy, S. (2019). Root Nodule Development in Model Versus Non-canonical Plants. In: Khurana, S., Gaur, R. (eds) Plant Biotechnology: Progress in Genomic Era. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8499-8_18

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