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Perceptions of Microbe–Microbe and Plant–Microbiome Interfaces: The Metagenomic Maneuver

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Abstract

The interactive relationship between plant and microbe starts on the surface of the plant, such as on the roots, leaves, or other parts. Various different types of microbes thrive on different parts of the plant. Microbes may also enter plant cells and are then known as endophytes; this relationship consists of an intricate interaction between plant and microbe. This intricate interaction occurs also at a genomic level. The plant–microbiome interaction may be beneficial or harmful for both, and sometimes it may be neutral. The presence of another microbe in the vicinity also changes the relationship between a microbe and its host. Now we understand that this type of communication or interface is very complicated, and, to understand this scenario, we need the help of modern techniques such as a metagenomic approach or next-generation sequencing. The soil and plant microbiome community plays a significant role in providing essential nutrients to the host plant and also in recycling nutrients and carbon in the environment. On the other hand, we do not know much about novel or nonisolated soil microbes; therefore, their functions are unknown to us. Using a metagenomic approach we can reveal the identity of an unknown soil microbe along with its functional gene information. Most of these associate microbes that enter into plant tissues communicate with their host very closely. This interaction influences metabolic aspects, nutritional uptake potential and transport, signaling of hormones, and stress mitigation, ultimately resulting in plant growth and development. In this respect, a metagenomic approach can be proficiently linked to other omics techniques to offer a multifarious picture of in-progress occurrences that exploit the communication between the plant and its total microbiome. The applied and practical purposes of these metagenomic studies, apart from providing a clearer vision of ecological biological diversity and ecological aspects of microbes, is to provide detailed and valuable tactics for enhancing crop production and protection against host pathogens.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Mycology, VP Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi, India

    Nikhi Verma

  2. Himalayan School of Biosciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India

    Vivek Kumar

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  1. Nikhi Verma
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  2. Vivek Kumar
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Himalayan School of Biosciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India

    Vivek Kumar

  2. School of Environmental Science & Engg, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

    Ram Prasad

  3. Centre for Life Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India

    Manoj Kumar

  4. Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Devendra K. Choudhary

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Verma, N., Kumar, V. (2019). Perceptions of Microbe–Microbe and Plant–Microbiome Interfaces: The Metagenomic Maneuver. In: Kumar, V., Prasad, R., Kumar, M., Choudhary, D. (eds) Microbiome in Plant Health and Disease. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8495-0_21

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