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Mitochondria Lysine Acetylation and Phenotypic Control

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Book cover Mitochondria in Health and in Sickness

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1158))

Abstract

Mitochondria have a central role in cellular metabolism and reversible post-translational modifications regulate activity of mitochondrial proteins. Thanks to advances in proteomics, lysine acetylation has arisen as an important post-translational modification in the mitochondrion. During acetylation an acetyl group is covalently attached to the epsilon amino group in the side chain of lysine residues using acetyl-CoA as the substrate donor. Therefore the positive charge is neutralized, and this can affect the function of proteins thereby regulating enzyme activity, protein interactions, and protein stability. The major deacetylase in mitochondria is SIRT3 whose activity regulates many mitochondrial enzymes. The method of choice for the analysis of acetylated proteins foresees the combination of mass spectrometry-based proteomics with affinity enrichment techniques. Beyond the identification of lysine-acetylated proteins, many studies are moving towards the characterization of acetylated patterns in different diseases. Indeed, modifications in lysine acetylation status can directly alter mitochondrial function and, therefore, be linked to human diseases such as metabolic diseases, cancer, myocardial injury and neurodegenerative diseases. Despite the progress in the characterization of different lysine acetylation sites, additional studies are needed to differentiate the specific changes with a significant biological relevance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Rheumatology, GIGA Research, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Liège, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium

    Federica Ciregia

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  1. Federica Ciregia
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Correspondence to Federica Ciregia .

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  1. Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli – IRCCS, Rome, Italy

    Andrea Urbani

  2. Department of Biochemistry, University of Regina, Regina, SK, Canada

    Mohan Babu

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Ciregia, F. (2019). Mitochondria Lysine Acetylation and Phenotypic Control. In: Urbani, A., Babu, M. (eds) Mitochondria in Health and in Sickness. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1158. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8367-0_4

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