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Halotolerant Rhizobacteria: A Promising Probiotic for Saline Soil-Based Agriculture

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Saline Soil-based Agriculture by Halotolerant Microorganisms

Abstract

Soil salinity is a serious threat to sustainable agriculture, and a number of research are going on to improve saline-resistant crops by using various breeding methods and genetic engineering tools. These methods are time-consuming, often face yield penalties, and many other ethical issues. There is a need to explore other more stable, environmentally friendly methods for the sustainable agriculture. Exploration of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) associated with salt-tolerant plants (halophytes) and their use as probiotics for saline soil agriculture are a promising substitute for classical approaches. Salinity is one of the major abiotic stress reported from arid and semiarid regions which causes a major loss in the agriculture productivity. Halophytes are adapted to the saline environment because of their genetic makeup and associated microbiome. These microbiomes have potential to survive in the saline condition, but they are not thoroughly explored. Several studies showed that bacteria associated with halophytes, directly and indirectly, support the plant growth and yield in saline conditions; thus, these bacteria can be used as probiotics for salt-sensitive plants (glycophytes) grown in the salt-affected area to enhance the productivity. PGPR induce many morphological, physiological, and genetic changes in a plant which compensate the pressure of salt stress. The genetic level changes in plants due to application or the presence of PGPR are known as induced systemic resistance (ISR). PGPR secrete some beneficial elements like organic solutes, siderophores, etc. to survive in harsh conditions. PGPR also help plants to maintain their osmotic pressure and nutrient balance. The presence of PGPR also affects the level of various phytohormones in plants which play a major role in growth, development, and stress response of the plant.

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Acknowledgment

CSIR-CSMCRI Communication No.: PRIS-42/2018.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India

    Ankita Alexander, Avinash Mishra & Bhavanath Jha

  2. Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Ghaziabad, India

    Ankita Alexander, Avinash Mishra & Bhavanath Jha

Authors
  1. Ankita Alexander
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  2. Avinash Mishra
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  3. Bhavanath Jha
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Avinash Mishra or Bhavanath Jha .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India

    Manoj Kumar

  2. Department of Soil Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

    Hassan Etesami

  3. Himalayan School of Biosciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Jolly Grant, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India

    Vivek Kumar

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Alexander, A., Mishra, A., Jha, B. (2019). Halotolerant Rhizobacteria: A Promising Probiotic for Saline Soil-Based Agriculture. In: Kumar, M., Etesami, H., Kumar, V. (eds) Saline Soil-based Agriculture by Halotolerant Microorganisms. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8335-9_3

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