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Invasive Species and Their Impact on Tropical Forests of Central India: A Review

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Book cover Tropical Ecosystems: Structure, Functions and Challenges in the Face of Global Change

Abstract

Tropical forests are the richest biodiversity hotspots and are under immense natural and anthropogenic pressures that lead to biodiversity loss. One such cause is alien plant invasion that alters the native forest stand structure and composition and disrupts the vital ecosystem functions. Central India, which mainly spans across the three states, viz. Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and some parts of Maharashtra, is well-known for its sprawling tropical deciduous forests, which are also no less immune to the present-day pressures, including the plant invasion. Alien invasive plants arrive via several pathways and possess unique traits that help them to surpass the barriers in the new habitats, where many influential factors might operate upon them. Once established, they may profoundly impact the invaded ecosystem. Most of the studies from Central India have been focused on floristics, forest structure, impact of disturbances, etc., and relatively few studies have addressed plant invasion. Overall, there are 179 invasive taxa in Central India, mostly from the Asteraceae (17.3%) and Fabaceae (14.5%) families. Majority of them are from Tropical America (52%), and most are herbs (69%). An outline of the most common top ten Central Indian invaders has been presented. Climate change might influence invasive plants, and constant monitoring and modelling is required to understand invasive species dynamics for effective management. Invasive alien species are to be tended with extreme caution and smart and novel approaches of putting them to use might help in better management for controlling them. This review will also provide a conceptual basis for improving our general understanding on invasive species and their impact on tropical forest ecosystems.

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Acknowledgement

We thank the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments on a previous version of this review. The first author is thankful to Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi, for funding under National Post-Doctoral Fellowship Scheme (Ref. No.: PDF/2015/000447).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biodiversity Conservation Lab, Department of Botany, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, India

    Javid Ahmad Dar, P. K. Khare & Mohammed Latif Khan

  2. Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India

    Javid Ahmad Dar, K Subashree & Somaiah Sundarapandian

  3. School of Natural Resource Management, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India

    Purabi Saikia & Amit Kumar

  4. Department of Biology, Centre for Structural and Functional Genomics, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada

    S. Dayanandan

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  1. Javid Ahmad Dar
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Correspondence to Mohammed Latif Khan .

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  1. School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, Delhi, India

    Satish Chandra Garkoti

  2. Baruch Inst. of Coastal Ecology & Forest Science, Clemson University, Georgetown, SC, USA

    Skip J. Van Bloem

  3. School of Forestry, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA

    Peter Z. Fulé

  4. School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, Delhi, India

    Rajeev L. Semwal

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Dar, J.A. et al. (2019). Invasive Species and Their Impact on Tropical Forests of Central India: A Review. In: Garkoti, S., Van Bloem, S., Fulé, P., Semwal, R. (eds) Tropical Ecosystems: Structure, Functions and Challenges in the Face of Global Change. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8249-9_5

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