Abstract
Advertisements commissioned by official ministries make ideal sites for investigating how media discourses are informed by state ideologies. Teacher recruitment advertisements, in particular, may be seen mobilising an ideologically charged vision of teacher professionalism that is at once reductive and productive. This chapter critiques the ideological discourses underlying the narrative representation of professional teacher identity in a Singapore teacher recruitment video advertisement entitled Mrs. Chong which features a caring teacher going out of her way to help an economically disadvantaged student and concludes with the romantic suggestion that the path to success stems from personal inspiration and determination. This chapter illustrates how neoliberal governmentality attempts to place the notion of care under an affective technology. Where the hardships of teaching are as its own rewards, the governmental representations suggest idiosyncratic caring engaging in a privatised form of social work that fails to question larger socio-political forces. The establishing of a critical space for the role of caring and emotions within education is also explored.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsNotes
- 1.
The Kuleshov effect originated from Lev Kuleshov’s experiment of editing in which three different scenes consisting of a plate of soup, a girl in a coffin, and a woman on a divan were paired with the expressionless face of an actor. While the same shot of the actor was used, the audiences perceived different expressions of hunger, sadness and desire, respectively.
References
Ahmed, S. (2003). The politics of fear in the making of worlds. International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education, 16(3), 377–398.
Ahmed, S. (2004). Affective economies. Social Text, 22(2), 117–139.
Baldry, A., & Thibault, P. J. (2006). Multimodal transcription and text analysis: A multimedia toolkit and coursebook. London, UK: Equinox.
Bartky, S. L. (1990). Femininity and domination: Studies in the phenomenology of oppression. New York, NY: Routledge.
Boler, M. (1999). Feeling power: Emotions and education. London, UK: Routledge.
Bordwell, D., & Thompson, K. (2012). Film art: An introduction (10th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
Butler, J. (1988). Performative acts and gender constitution: An essay in phenomenology and feminist theory. Theatre Journal, 40(4), 519–531.
Butler, J. (1993). Bodies that matter: On the discursive limits of “sex”. London, UK: Routledge.
Chong, T. (2011). Manufacturing authenticity: The cultural production of national identities in Singapore. Modern Asian Studies, 45(04), 877–897. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0026749X09000158
Chua, B. H. (2011). Singapore as model: Planning innovations, knowledge experts. In A. Roy & A. Ong (Eds.), Worlding cities: Asian experiments and the art of being global (pp. 29–54). Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing.
Davies, B. (2006). Subjectification: The relevance of Butler’s analysis for education. British Journal of Sociology of Education, 27(4), 425–438.
Derrida, J. (1988). Limited inc (S. Weber & J. Mehlman, Trans.). Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press.
Eagleton, T. (1983). Literary theory: An introduction (2nd ed.). Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing.
Foucault, M. (1972). The archaeology of knowledge (S. Smith, Trans.). London, UK: Tavistock.
Foucault, M. (1978). The history of sexuality. Volume 1: An introduction, translated by Robert Hurley. New York, NY: Vintage.
Foucault, M. (1982, Summer). The subject and power. Critical Inquiry, 8(4), 777–795.
Foucault, M. (2007). Security, territory, population. Lectures at the College de France 1977–1978. (G. Burchell, Trans.). London, UK: Palgrave.
Foucault, M. (2008). The birth of biopolitics: Lectures at the College de France (G. Burchell, Trans. A. Davidson Ed.). Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan.
Gee, J. P. (1996). Social linguistics and literacies: Ideology in discourses (2nd ed.). London, UK: Taylor & Francis.
Goh, R. B. H. (2003). Textual spaces, social identities and race in Singapore advertising. European Journal of Cultural Studies, 6(2), 131–156. https://doi.org/10.1177/1367549403006002001
Harms, J., & Kellner, D. (1991). Toward a critical theory of advertising. Retrieved from http://www.uta.edu/huma/illuminations/
Hemmings, C. (2005). Invoking affect: Cultural theory and the ontological turn. Cultural Studies, 19(5), 548–567.
Kelly, M. G. (2013). Foucault, subjectivity, and technologies of the self. In C. Falzon, T. O’Leary, & J. Sawicki (Eds.), A companion to Foucault (pp. 78–105). Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing.
Kenway, J., & Bullen, E. (2001). Consuming children: Entertainment, advertising and education. Buckingham, PA: Open University Press.
Koh, A. (2009). The visualization of education policy: A videological analysis of learning journeys. Journal of Education Policy, 24(3), 283–315.
Kuleshov Effect. (n.d.). tvtropes.org . Retrieved from http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/KuleshovEffect
Ladson-Billings, G. (1995). Toward a theory of culturally relevant pedagogy. American Educational Research Journal, 32(3), 465–491.
Law, L., Wee, C., & McMullan, F. (2011). Screening Singapore: The cinematic landscape of Eric Khoo’s Be With Me. Geographical Research, 49(4), 363–374.
Lazar, M. M. (2007). Feminist critical discourse analysis: Articulating a feminist discourse praxis. Critical Discourse Studies, 4(2), 141–164.
Leonardo, Z., & Zembylas, M. (2013). Whiteness as technology of affect: Implications for educational praxis. Equity & Excellence in Education, 46(1), 150–165.
Lim, V. F., & O’Halloran Kay, L. (2012). The ideal teacher: An analysis of a teacher-recruitment advertisement. Semiotica, 189(1/4), 229–253.
Luke, A. (2004). Teaching after the market: From commodity to cosmopolitan. Teachers College Record, 106(7), 1422–1443.
Machin, D., & Mayr, A. (2012). How to do critical discourse analysis: A multimodal introduction. London, UK: SAGE Publications.
Media literary. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.foothilltech.org/rgeib/english/media_literacy/advertising_techniques.htm
MOE (Producer). (2011). Mrs. Chong. [Video file] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GETzOHRPqus
Mok, K. H. (2007). Globalisation, new education governance and state capacity in East Asia. Globalisation, Societies and Education, 5(1), 1–21.
Ng, J. W. Q., & Teo, P. C. S. (2015). “Every teacher, a caring educator”: A multimodal discourse analysis of a teacher recruitment video in Singapore. Multimodal Communication, 4(1), 15–29.
Ng, P. T. (2010). The evolution and nature of school accountability in the Singapore education system. Educational Assessment, Evaluation and Accountability, 22(4), 275–292. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11092-010-9105-z
Nias, J. (1996). Thinking about feeling: The emotions in teaching. Cambridge Journal of Education, 26(3), 293–306.
Noddings, N. (1986). Fidelity in teaching, teacher education, and research for teaching. Harvard Educational Review, 56(4), 496–511.
Nuttall, J., Brennan, M., Zipin, L., Tuinamuana, K., & Cameron, L. (2013). Lost in production: The erasure of the teacher educator in Australian university job advertisements. Journal of Education for Teaching, 39(3), 329–343.
O’Toole, M. (1994). The language of displayed art. London, UK: Leicester University Press.
Ong, J. (2016). PSLE T-score to be replaced with wider scoring bands in 2021. Channel News Asia. Retrieved from http://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/singapore/psle-t-score-to-be/2676852.html
Phang, S.-Y. (2007). The Singapore model of housing and the welfare state. In R. Groves, A. Murie, & C. Watson (Eds.), Housing and the new welfare state: Perspectives from East Asia and Europe (pp. 15–46). London, UK: Routledge. Retrieved from http://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/soe_research/596
Poon, A. M. C. (2005). Performing national service in Singapore: (Re)imagining nation in the poetry and short stories of Alfian Sa’at. The Journal of Commonwealth Literature, 40(3), 118–138. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021989405056977
Poon, A. (2013). Common ground, multiple claims: Representing and constructing Singapore’s “heartland”. Asian Studies Review, 37(4), 559–576. https://doi.org/10.1080/10357823.2013.844768
Richard, A., & Rudnyckyj, D. (2009). Economies of affect. Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, 15(1), 57–77.
Rosener, J. (1989). Ways women lead. Harvard Business Review, 68(6), 119–125.
Rushton, R., & Bettinson, G. (2010). What is film theory?: An introduction to contemporary debates. Berkshire, UK: Open University Press.
Schick, C. (2000). White women teachers accessing dominance. Discourse, 21(3), 299–309.
Sinfield, A. (1992). Faultlines: Cultural materialism and the politics of dissident reading. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
Skålén, P., Fellesson, M., & Fougère, M. (2006). The governmentality of marketing discourse. Scandinavian Journal of Management, 22(4), 275–291.
Skutski, K. J. (2008). Film & film theory. Retrieved from http://www.skutski.org/film.html
Stibbe, A. (2009). Advertising awareness. In A. Stribbe (Ed.), The handbook of sustainability literacy: Skills for a changing world (pp. 37–42). Foxhole, UK: Green Books.
Tan, J. (1998). The marketisation of education in Singapore: Policies and implications. International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift fuer Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue Internationale de l’Education, 44(1), 47–63.
Tan, J., & Gopinathan, S. (2000). Education reform in Singapore: Towards greater creativity and innovation? NIRA Review, 7, 5–10.
Tan, R. (Writer). (2002). 15. In. Singapore, Singapore: Pleasure Factory.
Taylor, C. (2004). Modern social imaginaries. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Thompson, J. (1984). Studies in the theory of ideology. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.
Tsolidis, G., & Pollard, V. (2007). Re-deploying techniques of pastoral power by telling tales on student teachers. Teaching Education, 18(1), 49–59.
Wee, C.-L. (2012). The suppressed in the modern urbanscape: Cultural difference and film in Singapore. Positions, 20(4), 983–1007.
Weedon, C. (1997). Feminist practice and poststructuralist theory (2nd ed.). Oxford, UK: Blackwell.
Yeoh, B., & Kong, L. (1999). The notion of place in the construction of history, nostalgia and heritage. Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography, 17(1), 52–65.
Youdell, D. (2006). Subjectivation and performative politics—Butler thinking Althusser and Foucault: Intelligibility, agency and the raced–nationed–religioned subjects of education. British Journal of Sociology of Education, 27(4), 511–528.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Pereira, A.J. (2019). Pastoral Power and Governmental Subjectivities: An Analysis of a Teacher Recruitment Advertisement. In: Affective Governmentality. Cultural Studies and Transdisciplinarity in Education, vol 9. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7807-2_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7807-2_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-13-7806-5
Online ISBN: 978-981-13-7807-2
eBook Packages: EducationEducation (R0)