Abstract
The purpose of this chapter is to explore the management of miracles and pilgrimage focusing on votive practices in the West European Catholic societies and Japan. I will pay attention to votive paintings called “ex-voto” in Europe and ema in Japan. Studies on ex-voto and ema have conventionally been conducted in the context of folk religious practices, and little attention has been paid to the management of miracles and pilgrimage. This chapter will attempt to analyze the management of miracles and pilgrimage from the perspective of management studies of religion. To begin with, I will overview the historical development and iconographic expression of votive paintings in Europe and Japan. Then, based on that, I will discuss the relationship between votive practices and the management of miracles and pilgrimage.
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Iwai, H. (2019). Management of Miracles and Pilgrimage: A Comparative Study of Votive Offering in Europe and Japan. In: Nakamaki, H., Hioki, K., Sumihara, N., Mitsui, I. (eds) Enterprise as a Carrier of Culture. Translational Systems Sciences, vol 16. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7193-6_2
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