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Drug-Loaded UHMWPE to Inhibit Wear Particle-Induced Osteolysis: Processing, Characterization, and Biological Evaluation

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Book cover UHMWPE Biomaterials for Joint Implants

Part of the book series: Springer Series in Biomaterials Science and Engineering ((SSBSE,volume 13))

Abstract

Osteolysis induced by ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) wear particles is currently recognized as a major cause to the aseptic loosening of joint prosthesis. Improving the wear resistance of UHMWPE significantly reduces wear particle-related osteolysis. However, the current wear-resistant UHMWPE is still difficult to satisfy the clinical requirement for the increasing needs of young and active patients. In this chapter, UHMWPE loaded with 17β-estradiol (E2) or alendronate sodium (ALN), potential drugs to prevent wear particle-induced osteolysis, was processed and characterized. Furthermore, in vitro release of drugs and cell responses to drug-loaded UHMWPE wear particles were investigated. Results showed that the mechanical strength of UHMWPE-E2 and UHMWPE-ALN decreased with the addition of drugs in a dose-dependent manner. However, there was no significant difference in mechanical strength of UHMWPE-ALN (1 wt. % ALN) and UHMWPE due to the improved distribution of ALN in UHMWPE, in which surfactant Pluronic F68 and mechanical activation were used. Correspondingly, the wear rate and coefficient of friction of UHMWPE-ALN were confirmed similar to those of UHMWPE. The release of E2 and ALN from wear particles of drug-loaded UHMWPE in phosphate buffered solution (PBS) in vitro both includes three stages: the initial burst release, the following rapid release, and the final slow release. The ALN release rate in wear process was higher than that of non-wear test. Furthermore, the released drugs increase the proliferation and alkaline phosphatase activity of osteoblasts, while inhibiting the proliferation and cytokines of macrophages. As a result, drug-loaded UHMWPE might have potential clinical application to prevent the wear particle-induced osteolysis in artificial joint replacements.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China

    Shuxin Qu, Yumei Liu & Kemeng Gong

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  1. Shuxin Qu
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  2. Yumei Liu
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  3. Kemeng Gong
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Correspondence to Shuxin Qu .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China

    Jun Fu

  2. Tribology Research Institute, School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

    Zhong-Min Jin

  3. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

    Jin-Wu Wang

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Qu, S., Liu, Y., Gong, K. (2019). Drug-Loaded UHMWPE to Inhibit Wear Particle-Induced Osteolysis: Processing, Characterization, and Biological Evaluation. In: Fu, J., Jin, ZM., Wang, JW. (eds) UHMWPE Biomaterials for Joint Implants. Springer Series in Biomaterials Science and Engineering, vol 13. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6924-7_6

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