Abstract
Wheat is a primary staple food and is ranked third in terms of global production all over the world. It maintains carbohydrate and protein balance in the diet. The unprecedented, fast altering environmental conditions have led to different abiotic stresses in plants such as drought, salinity, heavy metal, and temperature that instigate considerable losses in growth and yield of wheat worldwide. These abiotic stresses cause pollen sterility, disturb photosynthetic apparatus, produce shriveled seeds in wheat, and lead to the exorbitant production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that pose pessimistic effects on proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and DNA, eventually inducing oxidative stress in plants. Furthermore, imprudent ROS generation causes oxidative damage, irremediable harm to plant metabolic activities, and ultimately cell death. The systematic scavenging of ROS requires the activity of various enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants in plant tissues. This chapter summarizes (i) the effect of various abiotic stresses on growth and physiology of wheat, (ii) ROS production and its induced oxidative damage in wheat, and (iii) mechanism involved in providing tolerance to wheat.
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Abbreviations
- APX:
-
ascorbate peroxidase
- CAT:
-
catalase
- DNA:
-
deoxyribonucleic acid
- GPX:
-
guaiacol peroxidase
- GR:
-
glutathione reductase
- H2O2 :
-
hydrogen peroxide
- MDA:
-
malondialdehyde
- NUE:
-
nitrogen use efficiency
- 1O2 :
-
singlet oxygen
- O2 •− :
-
superoxide radical
- OH• :
-
hydroxyl radical
- RNA:
-
ribonucleic acid
- ROS:
-
reactive oxygen species
- RuBisCO:
-
ribulose-1,5-bis-phosphate carboxylase/oxygenase
- SNP:
-
sodium nitroprusside
- SOD:
-
superoxide dismutase
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Bali, A.S., Sidhu, G.P.S. (2019). Abiotic Stress-Induced Oxidative Stress in Wheat. In: Hasanuzzaman, M., Nahar, K., Hossain, M. (eds) Wheat Production in Changing Environments. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6883-7_10
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