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Phytoremediation: An Advance Approach for Stabilization of Coal Mine Wastelands

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Sustainable Agriculture, Forest and Environmental Management

Abstract

Wastelands (WLs) are characterized by the habitats that have lost the power to exhibit resilience in a way to revert back the process of degradation while conserving the biota and the stability the habitat conditions. Revegetation is one of the widely used techniques for stabilization of dump, thereby maintaining ecological equilibrium in the area. Phytoremediation (PR) strategies involve the use of different plant species in combating the alterations in the environmental conditions induced due to natural and artificial causes. Considering the importance of all these perspectives in optimization of opencast coal mined areas, the present work was planned and executed in selected sites of Raniganj Coalfield areas in Burdwan district of West Bengal. On the basis of the observation on the plant species assemblages of the WL, it is apparent that the landscape is heterogeneous with differences in the quality of the patches represented through the species of plants. Heterogeneity was noticed due to different abundance of plant species in different wastelands. The growth pattern of the nine plants in pot culture over the period of 1 year reflects the potentials of the plants to be incorporated in the restoration strategy of the WL subjected to coal mining activity in the past. The growth of neem (Azadirachta indica) was not same as that of Indian laburnum (Cassia fistula) or shisham (Dalbergia sissoo), which however reflects the varying level of importance of these species in organizing the community. Although the differences in the species-specific growth pattern were demonstrated in the pot culture, the ability to tolerate wide variations in the soil conditions provides evidence in their use in PR of the WL. Among the plant species, the differences in the cadmium (Cd) and mercury (Hg) adsorption varied for Indian laburnum significantly reflected through the t-test. The selected plant species considered in the study will be able to reduce the metal load and modulate the soil conditions of the WL, thereby facilitating the process of restoration of the degraded ecosystems of the concerned geographical area.

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Abbreviations

ALIN:

Average length of internode

Cd:

Cadmium

DA:

Discriminant function analysis

Hg:

Mercury

MS:

Mine spoil

NAB:

Number of axillary bud

NB:

Number of branches

NN:

Number of node

PR:

Phytoremediation

WL:

Wasteland

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Conservation Biology, Durgapur Government College, Durgapur, West Bengal, India

    Debalina Kar

  2. Department of Botany, Durgapur Government College, Durgapur, West Bengal, India

    Debnath Palit

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  1. Debalina Kar
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  1. Department of Farm Forestry, Sarguja University, Ambikapur, Chhattisgarh, India

    Manoj Kumar Jhariya

  2. Department of Environmental Science, Sarguja University, Ambikapur, Chhattisgarh, India

    Arnab Banerjee

  3. Department of Agronomy, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Ram Swaroop Meena

  4. Department of Farm Forestry, Sarguja University, Ambikapur, Chhattisgarh, India

    Dhiraj Kumar Yadav

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Kar, D., Palit, D. (2019). Phytoremediation: An Advance Approach for Stabilization of Coal Mine Wastelands. In: Jhariya, M., Banerjee, A., Meena, R., Yadav, D. (eds) Sustainable Agriculture, Forest and Environmental Management. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6830-1_16

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