Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Aeration Through Weirs—A Critical Review

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Book cover Sustainable Engineering

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering ((LNCE,volume 30))

Abstract

Aeration is a process, which helps in the enhancement of concentration of dissolved oxygen in water. This concentration of dissolved oxygen (DO) is required for sustaining aquatic life and is also considered as an indicator of the quality of water. The DO can be enhanced by using either mechanical aerator or by hydraulic structures. Hydraulic structures accelerate the water–air–mass transfer by entraining a large amount of air in the form of bubble, thus increasing surface contact area for full oxygen transfer. Commonly hydraulic structures used for aeration are weirs, spillways, cascades, water jets and close conduit flow arrangements, etc. When the performance of weirs is compared with other aerating agents like hydraulic jump, labyrinth weirs, chute etc., it was found that weirs give maximum oxygen transfer efficiency. The researchers have used rectangular-, triangular-, trapezoidal- and semicircular-shaped weirs for DO studies in the past. The present paper looks into the literature review of weirs having free surface when employed for aeration purpose for wastewater treatment. It was found that the triangular-shaped weir has created maximum oxygen transfer efficiency out of all other shapes of weir. It is expected that findings of this study will help in the selection of particular weir configuration and shape of weir for creating maximum oxygen transfer efficiency in the rivers and streams for the purpose of treatment of water.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Bagatur T (2009) Evaluation of pre-aeration with V- notch weir and cascades structures in clarifiers. J Environ Eng 135(3):176–184

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baylar A, Bağatur T (2000) Study of aeration efficiency at weirs. Turk J Eng Environ Sci 24(4):255–264

    Google Scholar 

  • Baylar A, Bagatur T, Tuna A (2001) Aeration performance of triangular-notch weirs. Water Environ J 15(3):203–206

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baylar A, Emiroglu ME (2002) The effect of sharp-crested weir shape on air entrainment. Can J Civ Eng 29(3):375–383

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baylar A, Hanbay D, Ozpolat E (2008) An expert system for predicting aeration performance of weirs by using ANFIS. Expert Syst Appl 35(3):1214–1222

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baylar A, Unsal M, Ozkan F (2010) Hydraulic structures in water aeration processes. Water Air Soil Pollut 210(1–4):87–100

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chanson H (1995) Hydraulic design of stepped cascades, channels, weirs and spillways. Pergamon, Oxford, U.K

    Google Scholar 

  • Eckenfelder WW Jr, Ford DL (1970) Water pollution control. Pemberton Press, Austin and New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Emiroglu ME, Baylar A (2003a) The effect of broad-crested weir shape on air entrainment. J Hydraul Res 41(6):649–655

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Emiroglu ME, Baylar A (2003b) Experimental study of the influence of different weir types on the rate of air entrainment. Water Qual Res J Can 38(4):769–783

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gameson ALH (1957) Weirs and aeration of rivers. J Inst Water Eng 11(5):477–490

    Google Scholar 

  • Goel A (2015) Modeling aeration of sharp crested weirs by using support vector machines. WASET Int J Mech Aerosp Ind Mech Manuf Eng 7(12):2620–2625

    Google Scholar 

  • Gulliver JS, Rindels AJ (1993) Measurement of air-water oxygen transfer at hydraulic structures. J Hydraulic Eng 119(3):327–349

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gulliver JS, Wilhelms SC, Parkhill KL (1998) Predictive capabilities in oxygen transfer at hydraulic structures. J Hydraulic Eng 124(7):664–671

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heza YBM, El-din M, Donia NS, Refaat AM (2008) Water quality improvement of drains polluted by wastewater using conventional weir. In: Welfth international water technology conference, IWTC12

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim J, Walters RW (2001) Oxygen transfer at low drop weirs. J Environ Eng 127(7):604–610

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lempérière F, Ouamane A (2003) The Piano Keys weir: a new cost-effective solution for spillways. Int J Hydropower Dams 10(5):144–149

    Google Scholar 

  • Macaitis B, Reclamation MW (1990) Side stream elevated pool aeration station design. MOO, p 199

    Google Scholar 

  • Markofsky M, Kobus H (1978) Unified presentation of weir-aeration data. J Hydraulics Div 104:562–568

    Google Scholar 

  • Nakasone H (1987) Study of aeration at weirs and cascades. J Environ Eng 113(1):64–81

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Poommai S, Chunkao K, Bualerd S (2012) Variation of oxygen transfer along the rectangular weir crest distance of wastewater treatment pond. Procedia Environ Sci 13:498–512

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Raikar RV, Kamatagi PB (2015) Use of hydraulic phenomena in enhancement of dissolved oxygen concentration. Int J Res Eng Technol 4(2)

    Google Scholar 

  • Rindels AJ, Gulliver JS (1991) Oxygen transfer at spillways. Air-water mass transfer. In: Wilhelms S, Gulliver J (eds) Proceedings of 2nd international symposium, on gas transfer at water surfaces. ASCE, Reston, Va., pp 524–533

    Google Scholar 

  • Tebbutt THY (1977) Reaeration performance of stepped cascades. J Inst of Water Engrs and Sci 31:285–297.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van der karoon GT, Schram AH (1969) Weir aeration—part I: single free fall. Water 2(22):528–537

    Google Scholar 

  • Watson CC, Walters RW, Hogan SA (1998) Aeration performance of low drop weirs. J Hydraulic Eng 124(1):65–71

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. NIT Kurukshetra, Kurukshetra, 1369119, Haryana, India

    Akash Jaiswal & Arun Goel

Authors
  1. Akash Jaiswal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Arun Goel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Akash Jaiswal .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, Punjab, India

    Arvind Kumar Agnihotri

  2. Department of Civil and Materials Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    Krishna Reddy

  3. Department of Chemical Engineering, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, Punjab, India

    Ajay Bansal

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Jaiswal, A., Goel, A. (2019). Aeration Through Weirs—A Critical Review. In: Agnihotri, A., Reddy, K., Bansal, A. (eds) Sustainable Engineering. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol 30. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6717-5_19

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6717-5_19

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-13-6716-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-13-6717-5

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation