Abstract
Since Pakistan’s independence from the British in 1947, Lahore has struggled to reconcile the two parallel cities that developed under a century of colonial rule. Old Lahore, laid out as a typical city from the medieval period, was largely contained within its defensive, fortified walls four kilometres from the bank of river Ravi. It had developed as a network of densely packed streets containing houses, bazaars and royal monuments alike. This organic city form was interrupted when the British demolished its walls and constructed their administrative apparatus on the surrounding plains. Although the new city that emerged was well planned with modern thoroughfares, canals and railway tracks, it was built on the premise of exclusion that set the course for its future development into the post-colonial era. The story of planning this multidimensional city over the subsequent seventy-odd years, which has no doubt seen some successes, is a tumultuous one. This chapter intends to explore the various efforts made to organize the chaos of a city unsettled by the aftereffects of colonization and the trauma of partition through to the present. All the while, Lahore has been a rapidly sprawling regional capital at the heart of Pakistan’s most populous province of Punjab. This chapter will include a review of the various policies, plans and legal frameworks that were introduced, along with the institutional setup intended to enforce these policies. The city’s master plans are discussed, including their soundness, the fate of their implementation and the results, if any, that were realized. Perhaps most importantly, in light of the debatable success of past planning efforts, an attempt has been made to flesh out Lahore’s current trajectory of urban planning and policy, and provide recommendations for promoting sustainable development as Lahore stands at the cusp of becoming Pakistan’s second megacity.
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Notes
- 1.
These densities are based on in-house calculations at the Urban Unit from the data created by the Urban Immovable Property Tax System project and the LandScan dataset.
- 2.
All provided built-up areas are based on in-house calculations with the help of the GIS team at the Urban Unit. The calculations vary by methodology and are only a representation of the ground realities.
- 3.
The partition refers to the 1947 independence of Pakistan from India and the British Raj.
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Acknowledgements
We would like to appreciate the guidance and support of Mr. Nadeem Khurshid in shaping this chapter. We would also like to express our deep gratitude to the team at the Urban Unit in Lahore for the motivation, logistical support and research assistance, and a special thanks to the GIS and Communications teams for their aid in cartography and photography.
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Javed, N., Riaz, S. (2020). Issues in Urban Planning and Policy: The Case Study of Lahore, Pakistan. In: Dahiya, B., Das, A. (eds) New Urban Agenda in Asia-Pacific. Advances in 21st Century Human Settlements. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6709-0_5
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