Abstract
Driver fatigue and sleepiness result in fatal accidents on road, many times. Drowsiness of driver is the major symptom of fatigue. Driver’s attention can be checked from time to time to avoid such situations. This paper aims at detecting the driver’s drowsiness using eye movement to detect open/close eyes. We give a generic design of the system that uses face detection, feature extraction and decision making through a trained model using support vector machine. The paper contribution is in comparing the performance of various feature extraction techniques and evaluating them using standard validation parameters. Features evaluated are the Canny edge, Local Binary Patterns, Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) and Gabor filter bank, along with the normal gray image. They are evaluated for accuracy and “F1 score.” Among All, HOG outperforms other methods and is a good choice for the application under consideration.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (2018) Annual report on road accidents in India-2017 [Online]. Accessed 12 Apr 2018 [Online]. Available: http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/content/448147/road-safety-annual-report-2017/
Daza IG, Bergasa LM, Bronte S, Yebes JJ, Almazán J, Arroyo R (2014) Fusion of optimized indicators from advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) for driver drowsiness detection. Sensors 14(1):1106–1131
Tabrizi PR, Zoroofi RA (2009) Drowsiness detection based on brightness and numeral features of eye image. In: Fifth international conference on intelligent information hiding and multimedia signal processing, 2009. IIH-MSP’09. IEEE 2009, pp 1310–1313
Tabrizi P, Zoroofi R (2008) Open/closed eye analysis for drowsiness detection. In: 2008 first workshops on image processing theory, tools and applications, Nov 2008, pp 1–7
Fuletra JD, Bhatt D (2013) A survey on driver’s drowsiness detection techniques. Int J Recent Innov Trends Comput Commun 1(11):816–819
Kang S-J (2016) Multi-user identification-based eye-tracking algorithm using position estimation. Sensors 17(1):41
Canny J (1986) Computational approach to edge detection. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 8:679–698
Van der Walt S, Schönberger JL, Nunez-Iglesias J, Boulogne F, Warner JD, Yager N, Gouillart E, Yu T (2014) Scikit-image: image processing in python. PeerJ 2:e453
Dalal N, Triggs B (2005) Histograms of oriented gradients for human detection. In: IEEE computer society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, 2005. CVPR 2005, vol 1. IEEE, pp 886–893 (2005)
Kamarainen J-K (2012) Gabor features in image analysis. In: Image processing theory, tools and applications (IPTA). IEEE, pp 13–14
Deng H-B, Jin L-W, Zhen L-X, Huang J-C et al (2005) A new facial expression recognition method based on local gabor filter bank and pca plus lda. Int J Inf Technol 11(11):86–96
Ahonen T, Hadid A, Pietikainen M (2006) Face description with local binary patterns: application to face recognition. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 28(12):2037–2041
Gunn SR et al (1998) Support vector machines for classification and regression. ISIS Tech Rep 14(1):5–16
Song F, Tan X, Liu X, Chen S (2014) Eyes closeness detection from still images with multi-scale histograms of principal oriented gradients. Pattern Recogn 47(9):2825–2838
Viola P, Jones MJ (2004) Robust real-time face detection. Int J Comput Vis 57(2):137–154
Tan X, Song F, Zhou Z-H, Chen S (2009) Enhanced pictorial structures for precise eye localization under incontrolled conditions. In: IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, 2009. CVPR 2009. IEEE, pp 1621–1628
Powers DMW (2011) Evaluation: from precision, recall and f-measure to roc, informedness, markedness and correlation. J Mach Learn Technol 2(1):37–63
Fawcett T (2006) An introduction to roc analysis. Pattern Recogn Lett 27(8):861–874
Majnik M, Bosnić Z (2013) Roc analysis of classifiers in machine learning: a survey. Intell Data Anal 17(3):531–558
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Panda, S., Kolhekar, M. (2019). Feature Selection for Driver Drowsiness Detection. In: Chaki, N., Devarakonda, N., Sarkar, A., Debnath, N. (eds) Proceedings of International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Data Engineering. Lecture Notes on Data Engineering and Communications Technologies, vol 28. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6459-4_14
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6459-4_14
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-13-6458-7
Online ISBN: 978-981-13-6459-4
eBook Packages: Intelligent Technologies and RoboticsIntelligent Technologies and Robotics (R0)