Abstract
Water governance has traditionally been in the hands of local communities. During the British Colonial period, and later in Independent India , the State arrogated control. While intentions were good, the outcomes were not. On the other hand, local water governance deteriorated with the decline of local institutions. While macro management should have taken a wider view of the resource, micro management had to ensure equitable distribution. Neither achieved their outcomes owing to limited abilities and vision. Further, the ability of local government institutions varies from state to state and, more often than not, declines with its size, i.e., smaller urban local bodies or panchayats are less capable than larger ones in water management. To address this, both the national and state institutions need to build capacities of local institutions while transferring power and finances to enable them to do their job. On their part, local institutions need to see their role as managers and not merely implementers of national or state policies and programmes.
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Notes
- 1.
Census of India 2011.
- 2.
- 3.
Prakash et al. (2012).
- 4.
Rashid and More (2016).
- 5.
AMRUT (2017).
- 6.
Excreta Matters.
- 7.
Learning Lessons, Urban Water Supply Sector (2011).
- 8.
Personal observations from visits to slum areas in Rangpuri Pahari, Govindpuri and Sanjay Colony.
- 9.
Excreta Matters (2012).
- 10.
Briscoe and Malik (2006).
- 11.
Central Public Health Environmental Engineering Organization (2009).
- 12.
India ‘s Water Future.
- 13.
Report of the Groundwater Estimation Committee (2015).
- 14.
Media reports from 2005 onwards.
- 15.
Water in India , Situation and Prospects.
- 16.
IWRM Guidelines at the Basin Level, 2009. UNESCO, World Water Assessment Programme, Network of Asian River Basin Organizations.
- 17.
Excreta Matters.
- 18.
Mansagar restoration model—success through innovation, 2013. Jal Mahal Resorts Pvt Ltd.
- 19.
Revival of Mansagar Lake , Jaipur : A case study, 2016. National Institute of Urban Affairs.
- 20.
Writ Petition No. 6914 of 2011, Delhi High Court. Malvika Kaul Versus Government of NCT of Delhi and Others.
- 21.
17 DDA Officers Booked for Corruption in Last Three Years (2016).
- 22.
Over 300 DDA Employees Face Corruption Charges (2009).
- 23.
MCD Tops in Corruption Cases (2009).
- 24.
Lokayukta be Allowed to Probe Corruption in DDA (2015).
- 25.
Sengupta (2015).
- 26.
Sreedhar (2012).
- 27.
Nitin (2016).
- 28.
Kodarkar and Mukherjee (2006).
- 29.
Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation MIS.
- 30.
Water Security Plan of Tumbabel Panchayat, Jharkhand (2014).
- 31.
Bhatta (2013).
- 32.
Jacob (2011).
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Jacob, N. (2019). Local Governance and Participative Water Management in Urban Contexts. In: Chadha, G., Pandya, A.B. (eds) Water Governance and Management in India. Water Resources Development and Management. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6400-6_6
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