Skip to main content

Attunement of Trickle Algorithm for Optimum Reliability of RPL over IoT

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Book cover Security in Computing and Communications (SSCC 2018)

Part of the book series: Communications in Computer and Information Science ((CCIS,volume 969))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

Low power and lossy networks (LLNs) which are interconnected with internet to collect data through sensors and store them over the cloud make the Internet of Things (IoT). The routing protocols in LLNs play the essential role of forwarding and routing the packets. IPv6 routing protocol for Low power and lossy networks (RPL), used in LLNs has the key features of topology formation, control messages, objective function and Trickle algorithm. The trickle algorithm is a dynamic algorithm controlling the timer in RPL. There are some key parameters in the trickle algorithm that affect the functioning of the trickle timer and consequently the RPL itself. The efficiency, robustness and improvement of RPL depends to a great extent on the fine tuning of the trickle algorithm and there are no specific standard values provided for the attunement. This paper aims at creating a suitable simulation environment in Cooja Simulator over the Contiki operating system and attuning the key parameters of trickle algorithm, namely minimum interval (Imin), maximum interval (Imax) and redundancy value (k) to find out the optimum reliability of RPL.

RPL is expanded asIPv6 Routing Protocol for Low power and lossy networks.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Bharat, T.H.: Network routing protocols in IoT. Int. J. Adv. Electron. Comput. Sci. 4, 29–33 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Salman, T., Jain, R.: Networking Protocols for Internet of Things, pp. 1–28 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Atalay, E.W., Anastasi, P.G.: Design and Analysis of Routing Protocol for IPv6 Wireless Sensor Networks (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Xin, H.-M., Yang, K.: Routing protocols analysis for Internet of Things. In: 2015 2nd International Conference on Information Science and Control Engineering, no. i, pp. 447–450 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Winter, T., et al.: RPL: IPv6 routing protocol for low-power and lossy networks. IETF RFC 6550 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Levis, P., Patel, N., Culler, D., Shenker, S.: Trickle: a self-regulating algorithm for code propagation and maintenance in wireless sensor networks. In: Proceedings of the First Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation, pp. 15–28 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Gaddour, O., Koubâa, A.: RPL in a nutshell: a survey. Comput. Netw. 56(14), 3163–3178 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Vasseur, J.P., Kim, M., Pister, K., Dejean, N., Barthe, D.: Routing metrics used for path calculation in low-power and lossy networks. RFC 6551, Internet Engineering Task Force RFC 6551, March 2012

    Google Scholar 

  9. Al-dubai, A.Y., Altwassi, H., Qasem, M., Yassein, M.B., Al-dubai, A.: Performance evaluation of RPL objective functions performance evaluation of RPL objective functions. In: International Workshop on Internet of Things Smart Spaces: Applications, Challenges and Future Trends in conjunction with 14th IEEE International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing and Communication (IUCC 2015), Liverpool, UK, September 2015

    Google Scholar 

  10. Ali, H.: A performance evaluation of RPL in Contiki, pp. 1–91. Master Thesis (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Becker, M.: Evaluation of an algorithm used in routing and service discovery protocols of wireless sensor networks − the Trickle algorithm IETF protocol stack for wireless sensor networks routing protocol for low power and lossy networks, October 2012

    Google Scholar 

  12. Djamaa, B., Richardson, M., Djamaa, B., Richardson, M.: The Trickle Algorithm: issues and solutions the Trickle algorithm: issues and solutions, January 2015

    Google Scholar 

  13. Ghaleb, B., Al-dubai, A., Ekonomou, E.: E-Trickle: enhanced Trickle algorithm for low-power and lossy networks. In: Proceedings of the 15th IEEE International Conference on Computing and Information Technology (CIT 2015), 14th IEEE International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing and Communications (IUCC 2015), 13th IEEE International Conference on Dependable, Autonomic and Secure Computing, pp. 1123–1129 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Ghaleb, B., Al-dubai, A., Ekonomou, E., Paechter, B., Qasem, M.: Trickle-Plus: elastic Trickle algorithm for low-power networks and Internet of Things, no. MEIoT, pp. 1–6 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Djamaa, B., Richardson, M.: Optimizing the Trickle algorithm. IEEE Commun. Lett. 19(5), 819–822 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Asif, M., Khan, S., Ahmad, R., Sohail, M., Singh, D.: Quality of service of routing protocols in wireless sensor networks: a review. IEEE Access 5(c), 1846–1871 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Vucinic, M., Tourancheau, B., Duda, A.: Performance comparison of the RPL and LOADng routing protocols in a home automation scenario performance comparison of the RPL and LOADng routing protocols in a home automation scenario, pp. 1974–1979 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Hendrawan, I.N.R.: Zolertia Z1 energy usage simulation with Cooja simulator, pp. 147–152 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Mehmood, T.: COOJA network simulator: exploring the infinite possible ways to compute the performance metrics of IOT based smart devices to understand the working of IOT based compression & routing protocols (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Hui, J., Thubert, P.: Compression format for IPv6 datagrams over IEEE 802.15.4-based networks, pp. 5–20. RFC 6282 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Pradeska, N., Najib, W., Kusumawardani, S.S.: Performance analysis of objective function MRHOF and OF0 in routing protocol RPL IPV6 over low power wireless personal area networks (6LoWPAN). In: Performance Analysis of Objective Function MRHOF and OF0 in Routing Protocol RPL IPV6 Over Low Power Wireless Personal Area Net, October 2016, pp. 0–5 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kalavathi Palanisamy .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Charles, A.S.J., Palanisamy, K. (2019). Attunement of Trickle Algorithm for Optimum Reliability of RPL over IoT. In: Thampi, S., Madria, S., Wang, G., Rawat, D., Alcaraz Calero, J. (eds) Security in Computing and Communications. SSCC 2018. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 969. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-5826-5_49

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-5826-5_49

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-13-5825-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-13-5826-5

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics