Skip to main content

Node Activity Based Routing in Opportunistic Networks

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Futuristic Trends in Network and Communication Technologies (FTNCT 2018)

Abstract

In mobile networks, the problem of intermittent and truncated connectivity leads to the growth of opportunistic networks. In opportunistic networks, the disconnected mobile nodes communicated whenever they get opportunity to share the information or their connectivity is resumed. Because of this intermittent connectivity, routing in this type of networks becomes very challenging. Efficient use of resources is extremely important in such conditions. In this work, we propose an innovative routing strategy for opportunistic networks based on the node’s activities. In NABR, we consider node’s past behavior and activities to maximize the message delivery ratio under opportunistic network environment. We also propose a buffer management scheme that efficiently use buffer storage of nodes to reduce message drop rate. To simulate and demonstrate the performance of the proposed NABR protocol the ONE simulator is used and results are compared with existing routing schemes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Spyropoulos, T., Rais, R.N., Turletti, T., Obraczka, K., Vasilakos, A.: Routing for disruption tolerant networks: taxonomy and design. Wirel. Netw. 16, 2349–2370 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Hui, P., Chaintreau, A., Gass, R., Scott, J., Crowcroft, J., Diot, C.: Pocket switched networking: challenges, feasibility and implementation issues. In: Stavrakakis, I., Smirnov, M. (eds.) WAC 2005. LNCS, vol. 3854, pp. 1–12. Springer, Heidelberg (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/11687818_1

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  3. Wang, W., Guo, F., Zheng, F., Tang, W., Wang, J.: Research on routing protocols and simulation analysis for opportunistic networks. Int. J. Multimed. Ubiquitous Eng. 10, 181–202 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Spyropoulos, T., Psounis, K., Raghavendra, C.S.: Spray and wait: an efficient routing scheme for intermittently connected mobile networks. In: Proceedings of the 2005 ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Delay-Tolerant Networking, pp. 252–259 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Jain, S., Fall, K., Patra, R.: Routing in a delay tolerant network. In: ACM SIGCOMM 2004, pp. 145–157 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Spyropoulos, T., Psounis, K., Raghavendra, C.S.: Single-copy routing in intermittently connected mobile networks. In: IEEE SECON 2004, Sensor and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks, pp. 235–244 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Vahdat, A., Becker, D.: Epidemic Routing for Partially-Connected Ad Hoc Networks (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Burns, B., Brock, O., Levine, B.N., Burns, B., Levine, B.N.: MV routing and capacity building in disruption tolerant networks. In: Proceedings IEEE 24th Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies, pp. 398–408 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Spyropoulos, T., Psounis, K., Raghavendra, C.S.: Spray and focus : efficient mobility-assisted routing for heterogeneous and correlated mobility. In: IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops, pp. 79–85 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Makhlouta, J., Harkous, H., Hutayt, F., Artail, H.: Adaptive fuzzy spray and wait: efficient routing for opportunistic networks. In: International Conference on Selected Topics in Mobile and Wireless Networking (iCOST), pp. 64–69 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Yazhi, L.: Content encounter probability based message forwarding in opportunistic networks. In: International Conference on Information Science and Engineering (ICISE 2009), pp. 2589–2594 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Boldrini, C., Conti, M., Jacopini, J., Passarella, A.: HiBOp: a history based routing protocol for opportunistic networks. In: IEEE International Symposium on World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM 2007), pp. 1–12 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Lindgren, A., Doria, A.: Probabilistic routing in intermittently connected networks. ACM SIGMOBILE Mob. Comput. Commun. Rev. 7, 19–20 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Musolesi, M., Mascolo, C.: CAR: context-aware adaptive routing for delay-tolerant mobile networks. IEEE Trans. Mob. Comput. 8, 246–260 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Perkins, C.E., Bhagwat, P.: Highly dynamic (DSDV) for mobile computers routing. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM94, London, UK, pp. 234–244 (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Widmer, J., Le Boudec, J.: Network coding for efficient communication in extreme networks. In: ACM SIGCOMM (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Prodhan, A.T., Das, R., Kabir, H., Shoja, G.C.: TTL based routing in opportunistic networks. J. Netw. Comput. Appl. 34, 1660–1670 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Chen, H., Lou, W.: GAR: group aware cooperative routing protocol for resource-constraint opportunistic networks. Comput. Commun. 48, 20–29 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Huang, T.K., Lee, C.K., Chen, L.J.: PRoPHET+: an adaptive PRoPHET-based routing protocol for opportunistic network. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications, AINA, pp. 112–119 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Greede, A., Allen, S.M., Whitaker, R.M.: RFP: repository based forwarding protocol for opportunistic networks. In: Third International Conference on Next Generation Mobile Applications, Services and Technologies, pp. 329–334 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Kathiravelu, T., Ranasinghe, N., Pears, A.: A robust proactive routing protocol for intermittently connected opportunistic networks. In: Seventh International Conference on Wireless and Optical Communications Networks - (WOCN), pp. 1–6 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Keranen, A., Karkkainen, T., Ott, J.: Simulating mobility and DTNs with the ONE. J. Commun. 5, 92–105 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Prashant Kumar .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Kumar, P., Chauhan, N., Chand, N. (2019). Node Activity Based Routing in Opportunistic Networks. In: Singh, P., Paprzycki, M., Bhargava, B., Chhabra, J., Kaushal, N., Kumar, Y. (eds) Futuristic Trends in Network and Communication Technologies. FTNCT 2018. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 958. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3804-5_20

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3804-5_20

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-13-3803-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-13-3804-5

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics