Abstract
Biosensors are the devices which detect the biological components or use of biological components for the detection of an analyte. Transducers are of different types, which process and amplify the signals produced by receptors and analyte interaction. The transducers are thermal, piezoelectric, optical and electrochemical. Redox polymers and the bio-elements like enzymes, DNA and proteins are used in biosensors. The biosensors are used for the detection of glucose, cholesterol, hydrogen peroxide, urea, bilirubin, biomarkers.
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Acknowledgments
H. D. Jirimali thanks to DST SERB young scientist scheme, file number SB/FT/CS-037/2014, and RPS Uka Tarsadia University UTU/RPS/1264/2018. Sincere thanks to Prof. Woonsup Shin who always inspire and guide me to work in the field of biomedical technology for the betterment of mankind.
Glossary
Antigen In immunology, an antigen is a molecule capable of inducing an immune response in the host organism. Sometimes antigens are part of the host itself in autoimmune disease. Antigens are “targeted” by antibodies
Antibody An antibody, also known as an immunoglobulin, is a large, Y-shaped protein produced mainly by plasma cells that are used by the immune system to neutralize pathogens such as pathogenic bacteria and viruses. The antibody recognizes a unique molecule of the pathogen, called an antigen
Catabolism It is the set of metabolic pathways that breaks down molecules into smaller units, which are either oxidized to release energy or used in other anabolic reactions
Electrocardiogram ECG is a record or display of a person’s heartbeat produced by electrocardiography
Electro-catalyst An electro-catalyst is a catalyst that participates in electrochemical reactions
Electroencephalography EEG is an electrophysiological monitoring method to record the electrical activity of the brain
Field effect transistors FET is a transistor that uses an electric field to control the electrical behavior of the device
Fluorescence resonance energy transfer FRET is a distance-dependent radiationless transfer of energy, from an excited donor fluorophore to a suitable acceptor fluorophore, and is one of the few tools available for measuring nanometer-scale distances and the changes in distances, both in vitro and in vivo
Thermistors It is a solid-state temperature sensing device that acts a bit like an electrical resistor but is temperature sensitive
Thermoforming Thermoforming is a manufacturing process where a plastic sheet is heated to a pliable forming temperature, formed to a specific shape in a mold, and trimmed to create a usable product.
Temperature coefficient It is a coefficient expressing the relationship between a change in the physical property and temperature that causes it
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Jirimali, H.D. (2019). Advance Biomedical Sensors and Transducers. In: Paul, S. (eds) Biomedical Engineering and its Applications in Healthcare. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3705-5_7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3705-5_7
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
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