Skip to main content

Functional Diversity of Plant Endophytes and Their Role in Assisted Phytoremediation

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Bioremediation of Industrial Waste for Environmental Safety

Abstract

The functional diversity term helps to understand the biological complexity through the wide range of interactions that organisms show on communities and ecosystems as they may interact. In a particular manner, organisms may have attributes or characteristics that define their role within the ecosystems. The purpose of this review is to analyze the importance of plant growth-promoting traits of endophyte bacteria that define the functional diversity of them in their relationships with plants in assisted phytoremediation techniques.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Ahmad F, Ahmad I, Khan MS (2008) Screening of free-living rhizospheric bacteria for their multiple plant growth promoting activities. Microbiol Res 163:173–181

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Atlas RM, Bartha R (1993) Microbial ecology fundamentals and applications, 3rd edn. Benjamin Cummings Publishing, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Babu AG, Shea PJ, Sudhakar D, Jung IB, Oh BT (2015) Potential use of Pseudomonas koreensis AGB-1 in association with Miscanthus sinensis to remediate heavy metal(loid)-contaminated mining site soil. J Environ Manag 151:160–166

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bano N, Musarrat J (2003) Characterization of a new Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain NJ-15 as a potential biocontrol agent. Curr Microbiol l46:324–328

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barea JM, Pozo M, Azcón R, Azcón-Aguilar C (2005) Microbial co-operation in the rhizosphere. J Exp Bot 56:1761–1778

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Becerra-Castro C, Monterroso C, Prieto-Fernández A, Rodríguez-Lamas L, Loureiro-Viñas M, Acea MJ, Kidd PS (2012) Pseudometallophytes colonizing Pb/Zn mine tailings: a description of the plant-microorganism-rhizosphere soil system and isolation of metal-tolerant bacteria. J Hazard Mater 217–218:350–359

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Becerra-Castro C, Kidd P, Kuffner M, Prieto-Fernández A, Hann S, Monterroso C, Sessitsch A, Wenzel A, Puschenreiter M (2013) Bacterially induced weathering of ultramafic rock and its implications for phytoextraction. Appl Environ Microbiol 79:5094–5103

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Boruvka L, Vacek O, Jehlicka J (2005) Principal component analysis as a tool to indicate the origin of potentially toxic elements in soils. Geoderma 128:289–300

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Botta-Dukát Z (2005) Rao’s quadratic entropy as a measure of functional diversity based on multiple traits. J Veg Sci 16:533–540

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cabello-Conejo MI, Becerra-Castro C, Prieto-Fernández A, Monterroso C, Saavedra-Ferro A, Mench M, Kidd PS (2014) Rhizobacterial inoculants can improve nickel phytoextraction by the hyperaccumulator Alyssum pintodasilvae. Plant Soil 379:35–50

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cattelan AJ, Hartel PG, Furhmann FF (1999) Screening for plant growth promoting rhizobacteria to promote early soybean growth. Soil Sci Soc Am J 63:1670–1680

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cederlund H, Thierfelder T, Stenströma J (2008) Functional microbial diversity of the railway track bed. Sci Total Environ 397:205–214

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chapin FSI, Bret-Harte MS, Hobbie SE, Hailan Z (1996) Plant functional types as predictors of transient responses of arctic vegetation to global change. J Veg Sci 7:347–358

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Charudattan R (1991) The mycoherbicide approach with plant pathogens. In: Te Beast DO (ed) Microbial control of weeds. Chapman and Hall, New York, pp 24–57

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Chen L, Luo SL, Li XJ, Wan Y, Chen JL, Liu CB (2014) Interaction of Cd hyperaccumulator Solanum nigrum L. and functional endophyte Pseudomonas sp. Lk9 on soil heavy metals uptake. Soil Biol Biochem 68:300–308

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Compant S, Clément C, Sessitsch A (2010) Plant growth-promoting bacteria in therhizo- and endosphere of plants: their role, colonization, mechanisms involved and prospects for utilization. Soil Biol Biochem 42:669–678

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dharni S, Srivastava AK, Samad A, Patra DD (2014) Impact of plant growth promoting Pseudomonas monteilii PsF84 and Pseudomonas plecoglossicidas F610 on metal uptake and production of secondary metabolite (monoterpenes) by rose-scented geranium (Pelargonium graveolens cv. bourbon) grown on tannery sludge amended soil. Chemosphere 117:433–439

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Díaz S, Cabido M (1997) Plant functional types and ecosystem function in relation to global change. J Veg Sci 8:463–474

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Flaishman MA, Eyal Z, Zilberstein A, Voisard C, Hass D (1996) Suppression of Septoria tritici blotch and leaf rust of wheat by recombinant cyanide-producing strains of Pseudomonas putida. Mol Plant-Microbe Interact 9:642–645

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fonseca CR, Ganade G (2001) Species functional redundancy, random extinctions and the stability of ecosystems. J Ecol 89:118–125

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Frankenberger WT Jr, Arshad M (1995) Phytohormones in soil: microbial production and function. Marcel Dekker, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Gadd GM (2004) Microbial influence on metal mobility and application for bioremediation. Geoderma 122:109–119

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gadd GM (2005) Microorganisms in toxic metal polluted soils. In: Buscot F, Varma A (eds) Microorganisms in soils: roles in genesis and functions. Springer, Berlin, pp 325–356

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Gadd GM (2010) Metals: minerals and microbes: geomicrobiology and bioremediation. Microbiology 156:609–643

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Garcia de Salamon IE, Hynes RK, Nelson LM (2001) Cytokinin production by plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and selected mutants. Can J Microbiol 47:404–411

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Glick BR (1995) The enhancement of plant growth by free-living bacteria. Can J Microbiol 41:109–117

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Glick BR (2010) Using soil bacteria to facilitate phytoremediation. Biotechnol Adv 28:367–374

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Glick BR (2014) Bacteria with ACC deaminase can promote plant growth and help to feed the world. Microbiol Res 169:30–39

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Glick BR, Karaturovic DM, Newell PC (1995) A novel procedure for rapid isolation of plant growth promoting pseudomonas. Can J Microbiol 41:533–536

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Göhre V, Paszkowski U (2006) Contribution of the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis to heavy metal phytoremediation. Planta 223:1115–1122

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Griffiths BS, Ritz K, Bardgett RD, Cook R, Christensen S, Ekelund F, Sørensen SJ, Bååth E, Bloem J, De Ruiter PC, Dolfing J, Nicolardot B (2000) Ecosystem response of pasture soil communities to fumigation-induced microbial diversity reductions: an examination of the biodiversity–ecosystem function relationship. Oikos 90:279–294

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Griffiths BS, Ritz K, Wheatley R, Kuan HL, Boag B, Christensen S, Ekelund F, Sørensen SJ, Muller S, Bloem J (2001) An examination of the biodiversity–ecosystem function relationship in arable soil microbial communities. Soil Biol Biochem 33:1713–1722

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guiffre L, Romaniuk R, Conti ME, Bartoloni N (2006) Multivariate evaluation by quality indicators of no-tillage system in Argiudolls of rolling pampa (Argentina). Biol Fertil Soils 42:556–560

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • He H, Ye Z, Yang D, Yan J, Xiao L, Zhong T, Yuan M, Cai X, Fang Z, Jing Y (2013) Characterization of endophytic Rahnella sp. JN6 from Polygonum pubescens and its potential in promoting growth and Cd, Pb, Zn uptake by Brassica napus. Chemosphere 90:1960–1965

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hector A, Schmid B, Beierkuhnlein C, Caldeira MC, Diemer M, Dimitrakopoulos PG, Finn JA, Freitas H, Giller PS, Good J, Harris R, Högberg P, Huss-Danell K, Joshi J, Jumpponen A, Körner C, Leadley PW, Loreau M, Minns A, Mulder CPH, O’Donovan G, Otway SJ, Pereira JS, Prinz A, Read DJ, Scherer-Lorenzen M, Schulze ED, Siamantziouras ASD, Spehn EM, Terry AC, Troumbis AY, Woodward FI, Yachi S, Lawton JH (1999) Plant diversity and productivity experiments in European grassland. Science 286:1123–1127

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hooper DU (1998) The role of complementarity and competition in ecosystem responses to variation in plant diversity. Ecology 79:704–719

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hughes JB, Hellmann JJ, Ricketts TH, Bohannan BJM (2001) Minireview: counting the uncountable: statistical approaches to estimating microbial diversity. Appl Environ Microbiol 67:4399–4406

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kebede YK, Kebedee T (2012) Application of principal component analysis in surface water quality monitoring. In: Sanguansat P.(Ed.), Principal component analysis – engineering applications. In Tech

    Google Scholar 

  • Khan AG (2005) Role of soil microbes in the rhizospheres of plants growing on trace metal contaminated soils in phytoremediation. J Trace Elem Med Biol 18:355–364

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Khan MS, Zaidi A, Aamil M (2002) Biocontrol of fungal pathogens by the use of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and nitrogen fixing microorganisms. Indian J Bot Soc 81:255–263

    Google Scholar 

  • Khan MS, Zaidi A, Wani PA, Ahemad M, Oves M (2009) Functional diversity among plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria: current status. In: Khan MS (ed) Microbial strategies for crop improvement. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Kidd P, Barcelo J, Bernal MP, Navari-Izzo F, Poschenrieder C, Shilev S, Rafael C, Monterroso C (2009) Trace element behaviour at the root-soil interface: implications in phytoremediation. Environ Exp Bot 67:243–259

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kirk JL, Beaudette LA, Hart M, Moutoglis P, Klironomos JN, Lee H, Trevors JA (2004) Methods of studying soil microbial diversity. J Microbiol Meth 58:169–188

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kloepper JW, Schroth MN (1978) Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria on radishes. Fourth International Conference on Plant Pathogen Bacteria, Angers, France, Vol 2. pp 879–882

    Google Scholar 

  • Kremer RJ, Begonia MFT, Lynn S, Lanham ET (1990) Characterization of rhizobacteria associated with weed seedlings. Appl Environ Microbiol 56:1646–1655

    Google Scholar 

  • Lebeau T, Braud A, Jezequel K (2008) Performance of bioaugmentation-assisted phytoextraction applied to metal contaminated soils: a review. Environ Pollut 153:497–522

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leishman MR, Westoby M (1992) Classifying plants into groups on the basis of associations of individual traits - evidence from Australian semi-arid woodlands. J Ecol 80:417–424

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lugtenberg B, Kamilova F (2009) Plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria. Annu Rev Microbiol 63:541–556

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Luo SL, Chen L, Chen JL, Xiao X, Xu TY, Wan Y, Rao C, Liu C, Liu Y, Lai C, Zeng GM (2011) Analysis and characterization of cultivable heavy metal-resistant bacterial endophytes isolated from Cd-hyperaccumulator Solanum nigrum L. and their potential use for phytoremediation. Chemosphere 85:1130–1138

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ma Y, Rajkumar M, Luo YM, Freitas H (2011) Inoculation of endophytic bacteria on host and non-host plants e effects on plant growth and Ni uptake. J Hazard Mater 195:230–237

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ma Y, Oliveira RS, Nai FJ, Rajkumar M, Luo YM, Rocha I, Freitas H (2015a) The hyperaccumulator Sedum plumbizincicola harbors metal-resistant endophytic bacteria that improve its phytoextraction capacity in multi-metal contaminated soil. J Environ Manag 156:62–69

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ma Y, Rajkumar M, Rocha I, Oliveira RS, Freitas H (2015b) Serpentine bacteria influence metal translocation and bioconcentration of Brassica juncea and Ricinus communis grown in multi-metal polluted soils. Front Plant Sci 5:1–13

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ma Y, Rajkumar M, Zhang C, Freitas H (2016) Beneficial role of bacterial endophytes in heavy metal phytoremediation. J Environ Manag 174:14–25

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mahmoud SAZ, Ramadan EM, Thabet FM, Khater T (1984) Production of plant growth promoting substances by rhizosphere microorganisms. Zbl Mikrobiol 139:227–232

    Google Scholar 

  • Maropola MK, Ramond JB, Trindade M (2015) Impact of metagenomic DNA extraction procedures on the identifiable endophytic bacterial diversity in Sorghum bicolor (L. Moench). J Microbiol Methods 112:104–117

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mason NWH, MacGillivray K, Steel JB, Wilson JB (2003) An index of functional diversity. J Veg Sci 14:571–578

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Muehe EM, Weigold P, Adaktylou IJ, Planer-Friedrich B, Kraemer U, Kappler A, Behrens S (2015) Rhizosphere microbial community composition affects cadmium and zinc uptake of the metal-hyperaccumulating plant Arabidopsis halleri. Appl Environ Microbiol 81:2173–2181

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Naeem S, Li S (1997) Biodiversity enhances ecosystem reliability. Nature 390:507–509

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Naik RP, Sakthivel N (2006) Functional characterization of a novel hydrocarbonoclastic Pseudomonas sp. strain PUP6 with plant-growth-promoting traits and antifungal potential. Res Microbiol 157:538–546

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Naik PR, Raman G, Narayanan KB, Sakthivel N (2008) Assessment of genetic and functional diversity of phosphate solubilizing fluorescent pseudomonads isolated from rhizospheric soil. BMC Microbiol 8:230

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ortega-Acosta O (2015) Análisis de la diversidad funcional de fitobacterias de plantas de Lemna gibba presente en tres sitios contrastantes del Sistema lacustre de Xochimilco. Tesis de Maestría. Escuela Nacional de CienciasBiológicas, InstitutoPolitécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México

    Google Scholar 

  • Ortega-Acosta O, Rodriguez-Tovar AV, López-López E, Rodríguez-Dorantes A (2015) Characterization of indole acetic acid endophyte producers in authoctonus Lemna gibba plants from Xochimilco Lake. Afr J Biotechnol 14:604–611

    Google Scholar 

  • O’Sullivan DJ, O’Hara F (1992) Traits of fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. involved in suppression of plant root pathogens. Microbiol Rev 56:662–676

    Google Scholar 

  • Ovreas L (2000) Population and community level approaches for analyzing microbial diversity in natural environments. Ecol Lett 3:236–251

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pace NR (1997) A molecular view of microbial diversity and the biosphere. Science 276:734–740

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Petchey OL, Gaston KJ (2002a) Functional diversity (FD), species richness and community composition. Ecol Lett 5:402–411

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Petchey OL, Gaston KJ (2002b) Extinction and the loss of functional diversity. Proc R Soc Lond Ser B Biol Sci 269:1721–1727

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Petchey OL, Gaston KJ (2006) Functional diversity: back to basics and looking forward. Ecol Lett 9:741–775

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Phetcharat P, Duangpaeng A (2012) Screening of endophytic bacteria from organic rice tissue for indole acetic acid production. Procedia Eng 32:177–183

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ramamoorthy V, Viswanathan R, Raguchander T, Prakasam V, Samiyappan R (2001) Induction of systemic resistance by plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in crop plants against pests and diseases. Crop Prot 20:1–11

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rastetter EB, Gough L, Hartley AE, Herbert DA, Nadelhoffer KJ, Williams M (1999) A revised assessment of species redundancy and ecosystem reliability. Conserv Biol 13:440–443

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Renwick A, Campbell R, Coe S (1991) Assessment of in vivo screening systems for potential biocontrol agents of Gaeumannomyces graminis. Plant Pathol 40:524–532

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ricotta C (2005) A note on functional diversity measures. Basic Appl Ecol 6:479–486

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roscher C, Schumacher J, Baade J, Wilcke W, Gleixner G, Weisser WW, Schmid B, Schulze ED (2004) The role of biodiversity for element cycling and trophic interactions: and experimental approach in a grassland community. Basic Appl Ecol 5:107–112

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schulz B, Boyle C (2006) What are endophytes? In: Schulz BJE, Boyle CIC, Sieber TN (eds) Microbial root endophytes. Springer, Berlin, pp 1–13

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Sessitsch A, Kuffner M, Kidd P, Vangronsveld J, Wenzel WW, Fallmann K, Puschenreiter M (2013) The role of plant-associated bacteria in the mobilization and phytoextraction of trace elements in contaminated soils. Soil Biol Biochem 60:182–194

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shanahan P, O’Sullivan DJ, Simpson P, Glennon JD, O’Gara F (1992) Isolation of 2, 4- diacetylphloroglucinol from a fluorescent pseudomonad and investigation of physiological parameters influencing its production. Appl Environ Microbiol 58:353–358

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma M, Mishra V, Rau N, RSH S (2011a) Functionally diverse rhizobacteria of Saccharum munja (a native wild grass) colonizing abandoned morrum mine in Aravalli hills (Delhi). Plant Soil 341:447–459

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma SK, Johri BN, Ramesh A, Joshi OP, Sai Prasad SV (2011b) Selection of plant growth-promoting Pseudomonas spp. that enhanced productivity of soybean-wheat cropping system in Central India. J Microbiol Biotechnol 21:1127–1142

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shukla MK, Lal R, Ebinger M (2004) Principal component analysis for predicting corn biomass and grain yield. Soil Sci 169:215–224

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sokal RR, Sneath PH (1973) Principles of numerical taxonomy. W.H. Freeman and Company, San Francisco

    Google Scholar 

  • Somers E, Vanderleyden J, Srinivasan M (2004) Rhizosphere bacterial signaling: a love parade beneath our feet. Crit Rev Microbiol 30:205–240

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stevens RD, Cox SB, Strauss RE, Willig MR (2003) Patterns of functional diversity across an extensive environmental gradient: vertebrate consumers, hidden treatments and latitudinal trends. Ecol Lett 6:1099–1108

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sunishkumar R, Ayyadurai N, Pandiaraja P, Reddy AV, Venkateswarlu Y, Prakash O, Sakthivel N (2005) Characterization of antifungal metabolite produced by a new strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa PUPa3 that exhibits broad-spectrum antifungal activity and biofertilizing traits. J Appl Microbiol 98:145–154

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tilman D (2001) Functional diversity. In: Levin SA (ed) Encyclopaedia of biodiversity. Academic Press, San Diego, pp 109–120

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Tilman D, Reich PB, Knops J, Wedin D, Mielke T, Lehman CL (2001) Diversity and productivity in a long-term grassland experiment. Science 294:843–845

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Trevors JT (1998) Bacterial biodiversity in soil with an emphasis on chemically-contaminated soils. Water Air Soil Pollut 101:45–67

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ullah A, Heng S, Farooq M, Munis H, Fahad S, Yang X (2015) Phytoremediation of heavy metals assisted by plant growth promoting (PGP) bacteria: a review. Environ Exp Bot 117:28–40

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Villegas J, Fortin JA (2001) Phosphorus solubilization and pH changes as a result of the interactions between soil bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on a medium containing NO3as nitrogen source. Can J Bot 80:571–576

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Visioli G, D’Egidio S, Vamerali T, Mattarozzi M, Sanangelantoni AM (2014) Culturable endophytic bacteria enhance Ni translocation in the hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens. Chemosphere 117:538–544

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Walker B, Kinzig A, Langridge J (1999) Plant attribute diversity, resilience, and ecosystem function: the nature and significance of dominant and minor species. Ecosystems 2:95–113

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wani PA, Khan MS, Zaidi A (2007a) Synergistic effects of the inoculation with nitrogen fixing and phosphate-solubilizing rhizobacteria on the performance of field grown chickpea. J Plant Nutr Soil Sci 170:283–287

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wani PA, Khan MS, Zaidi A (2007b) Chromium reduction, plant growth promoting potentials and metal solubilization by Bacillus sp. isolated from alluvial soil. Curr Microbio l54:237–243

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wani PA, Khan MS, Zaidi A (2007c) Co inoculation of nitrogen fixing and phosphate solubilizing bacteria to promote growth, yield and nutrient uptake in chickpea. Acta Agron Hung 55:315–323

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wertz S, Degrange V, Jl P, Poly F, Commeaux C, Freitag T, Guillaumaud N, Le Roux J (2006) Maintenance of soil functioning following erosion of microbial diversity. Environ Microbiol 8:2162–2169

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yan-de J, Zhen-li H, Xiao-e Y (2007) Role of soil rhizobacteria in phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soils. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B8:192–207

    Google Scholar 

  • Zaidi A (1999) Synergistic interactions of nitrogen fixing microorganisms with phosphate mobilizing microorganisms. PhD thesis, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh

    Google Scholar 

  • Zak JC, Willig MR, Moorhead DL, Wildman HG (1994) Functional diversity of microbial communities. Soil Biol Biochem 26:1101–1108

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zheng YK, Qiao XG, Miao CP, Liu K, Chen YW, Xu LH, Zhao LX (2016) Diversity, distribution and biotechnological potential of endophytic fungi. Ann Microbiol 66:529–542

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to the Research Project, SIP-20131494 and SIP-20141314 of the Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Comisión de Operaciones y Fomento de Actividades Académicas (COFAA-IPN), EDI (Estímulo al Desempeño de Investigadores-I.P.N.), and Sistema Nacional de Investigadores (SNI-CONACyT), and the fellowships for its support.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Guerrero-Zúñiga, A.L., López-López, E., Rodríguez-Tovar, A.V., Rodríguez-Dorantes, A. (2020). Functional Diversity of Plant Endophytes and Their Role in Assisted Phytoremediation. In: Bharagava, R., Saxena, G. (eds) Bioremediation of Industrial Waste for Environmental Safety. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3426-9_10

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics