Abstract
This chapter highlights how mental health and wellbeing is ‘politically’ and ‘ecologically’ spread. As a privately owned public space (POPS) Liverpool ONE has been driven insane. It is an extremely immature ecosystem and as such dissipates energy quickly, poorly and inefficiently. Seen in this way, the metropolis of Liverpool ONE is a mental (physical) ecosystem and if ‘it’ is mentally ill then so are those who participate and intertwine with it, some more than others.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
As ‘through’ might imply a quiddital self behind the lens, I place it under erasure. ‘With’ might be more fitting.
- 2.
‘American zoologist Robert Paine coined the term trophic cascade in 1980 to describe reciprocal changes in food webs caused by experimental manipulations of
toppredators’ (Carpenter, 2016, para. 1, sous rature added). I place ‘top’ under erasure due to the arborescent ontology it infers. - 3.
It is important to note here that modern forms of capitalism that homogenise also create diversity, yet this ‘version’ of diversity often leads to unhealthy social separations such as the rise of nationalism where difference between groups is encouraged and protected at the same time as feared. In this model, initially, the borders between groups are deterritorialised before reterritorialising them as their impervious nature is reinforced and as such gives rise to what Vandana Shiva (1993) might call ‘monocultures of the mind’. In this model, other forms of diversity (cultural, bio, inorganic, conceptual etc.) are subsumed, consumed or obliterated within its colonising parasitic structure.
- 4.
For example, I have been told (by a German student) that in Germany ‘anti-social’ is more akin to spending time alone whereas in the UK it is advertised perhaps as a gang of lads smoking and jeering outside a local store. Yet, for the members of that group, this behaviour perhaps would be a highly social act.
- 5.
Unfortunately, Gerald Cavendish Grosvenor has since died of a heart attack and has passed his fortune on to his only son, Hugh Grosvenor—over his three sisters.
- 6.
The Normans certainly introduced a more obvious class-based language to England. Words such as peasant, duke, noble, authority, obedience, servant, serf, labourer (Mastin, 2011) were added to the English vocabulary as French became the language of aristocracy and English became a lower-class vulgar tongue. This class-based linguistic invasion has germinated and is now evident in many perceptions and treatments of people with ‘common’ accents, specifically strong colloquial ones such as Scouse, Geordie or Brummie.
- 7.
A parasite causing toxoplasmosis has been found to control a mammal’s or bird’s behaviour in order to complete its life cycle (and is found in many people diagnosed with schizophrenia) just as a parasitic fungus controls ‘zombie-ants’ (and has its own ‘fungal stalker’ in turn) (Barford, 2013; Harmon, 2012).
- 8.
Hikikomori is a growing trend in Japan that involves a social withdrawal from modern society into the rooms of the isolated individuals who often retreat there for months or even years without coming out.
- 9.
I highlight ‘full’ due to the possibility of others having partial access to your haecceity via shared intra-actions with your memories that are topologically spread on your mobile phone, computer, address book, diary, publications, art works and so on.
References
Adelson, N. (2000). Being Alive Well’: Health and the Politics of Cree Well-Being. Toronto, Buffalo & London: University of Toronto Press.
Alexander, C. (2002). The Nature of Order: An Essay on the Art of Building and the Nature of the Universe. Book One: The Phenomenon of Life. Berkeley, CA: The Centre for Environmental Structure.
Anderson, M. (Dir.). (1976). Logan’s Run. Los Angeles, CA: Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.
Andreou, A. (2015). Anti-homeless Spikes: ‘Sleeping Rough Opened My Eyes to the City’s Barbed Cruelty’. Retrieved from http://www.theguardian.com/society/2015/feb/18/defensive-architecture-keeps-poverty-undeen-and-makes-us-more-hostile
Angelakisa, I., Goodingb, P., Tarrierc, N., & Panagiotia, M. (2015). Suicidality in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD): A Systematic Review and Metaanalysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 39, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2015.03.002
Augé, M. (2009). Non-Places: Introduction to an Anthropology of Supermodernity (J. Howe, Trans.). London & New York: Verso.
Ayass, W. (1988). Vagrants and Beggars in Hitler’s Reich. In R. J. Evans (Ed.), The German Underworld. Deviants and Outcasts in German History (pp. 210–237). London & New York: Routledge.
Barford, E. (2013). Parasite Makes Mice Lose Fear of Cats Permanently. Nature. Retrieved from http://www.nature.com/news/parasite-makes-mice-lose-fear-of-cats-permanently-1.13777
Bartlett, M. (2015). ‘A Steal’ (M. Peate, Dir.), BBC Radio 4, Episode 1, last aired: 30/03/15, 19:45. Retrieved from http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b05nszld
Bateson, G. (2000). Steps to an Ecology of Mind. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Beake, N. (2014). Anger Over Studs ‘to Stop Homeless’ Outside Southwark Flats. BBC News Article. Retrieved from http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-27760215
Bennett, J. (2010). Vibrant Matter: A Political Ecology of Things. Durham & London: Duke University Press.
Berardi, F. ‘B’. (2011). After the Future. Edinburgh, Oakland, & Baltimore: AK Press.
Berardi, F. ‘B’. (2015). Heroes: Mass Murder and Suicide. New York & London: Verso Books.
Boland, E. (2000). Introduction: Eavan Boland on to the Lighthouse. In V. Woolf. (2004). To the Lighthouse. London: Vintage Books.
Brennan, T. (2004). The Transmission of Affect. Ithaca & London: Cornell University Press.
Bridger, A. J. (2010). Walking as a ‘Radicalized’ Critical Psychological Method? A Review of Academic, Artistic and Activist Contributions to the Study of Social Environments. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 4(2), 131–139.
Bridger, A. J. (2015). Psychogeography, Antipsychologies and the Question of Social Change. In T. Richardson (Ed.), Walking Inside Out: Contemporary British Psychogeography (pp. 227–240). London & New York: Rowman & Littlefield International.
Carpenter, S. (2016). Trophic Cascade: Ecology. Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/science/trophic-cascade
Collins, S. (2008). The Hunger Games. New York: Scholastic Press.
A Dark History. (2014). Lancaster Castle. Retrieved from http://www.lancastercastle.com/a-dark-history
Dean, T., & Millar, J. (2005). Artworks: Place. London: Thames and Hudson.
Deleuze, G., & Guattari, F. (2004). A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia (B. Massumi, Trans.). London: Continuum.
Dema, L. (2007). “Inorganic, Yet Alive”: How Can Deleuze and Guattari Deal With the Accusation of Vitalism? Rhizomes, 15. Retrieved from http://www.rhizomes.net/issue15/dema.html
Ellison, A. M. (2013). The Suffocating Embrace of Landscape and the Picturesque Conditioning of Ecology. Landscape Journal, 32(1), 79–94.
Ellmann, M. (2000). Introduction: Maud Ellmann on To the Lighthouse. In V. Woolf. (2004). To the Lighthouse. London: Vintage Books.
Forbes. (2015). The World’s Billionaires. Retrieved from http://www.forbes.com/billionaires/#version:static_page:10
Foucault, M. (1995). Discipline and Punishment. New York: Vintage Books.
Fox, N. J. (2011). The Ill-Health Assemblage: Beyond the Body-with-Organs. Health Sociology Review, 20(4), 359–371.
Fox, N. J., & Alldred, P. (2014). New Materialist Social Inquiry: Designs, Methods and the Research-Assemblage. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 18(4), 399–414.
Garrett, B. L. (2015). The Privatisation of Cities’ Public Spaces Is Escalating. It Is Time to Take a Stand. Retrieved from http://www.theguardian.com/cities/2015/aug/04/pops-privately-owned-public-space-cities-direct-action?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other
Godwin, R. (2014). We Don’t Need Spikes to Deter the Homeless. London Evening Standard. Retrieved from http://www.standard.co.uk/comment/comment/richard-godwin-we-dont-need-spikes-to-deter-the-homeless-9528889.html
Goodbun, J. (n.d.). Gregory Bateson’s Ecological Aesthetics – An Addendum to Urban Political Ecology. Field: A Free Journal for Architecture, 4(1). Retrieved from www.field-journal.org
Hargreaves, K. (1991). Vagrancy (Amendment), www.parliament.uk., 25th June, column 863, 3.37 pm. Retrieved from http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm199091/cmhansrd/1991-06-25/Debate-1.html
Harmon, K. (2012). Fungus That Controls Zombie-Ants Has Own Fungal Stalker. Nature. Retrieved from http://www.nature.com/news/fungus-that-controls-zombie-ants-has-own-fungal-stalker-1.11787
Harper, D. (2016). Vagabond. Retrieved from http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=vagabond
Hermer, J. (2014). The Modern Return of Vagrancy Law. Retrieved from https://www.opendemocracy.net/ourkingdom/joe-hermer/modern-return-of-vagrancy-law
Iceland Food Bin Theft Case Dropped by CPS. (2014, January 29). BBC News. Retrieved from http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-25950761
Ingold, T. (2011). Being Alive: Essays on Movement, Knowledge and Description. Oxford, UK: Routledge.
It’s All About Being Green at Liverpool ONE. (2015). liverpool-one.com. Retrieved from http://www.liverpool-one.com/its_all_about_being_green_at_liverpool_one.aspx
Lang, F. (Dir.). (1927). Metropolis. USA: UFA, Paramount Pictures.
Latour, B. (2005). Reassembling the Social. An Introduction to Actor-Network-Theory. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
Lazzarato, M. (2014). Signs and Machines: Capitalism and the Production of Subjectivity (J. D. Jordan, Trans.). Los Angeles: Semiotext(e)/The MIT Press.
Legislation.gov.uk. (n.d.). Vagrant Act of 1824. Retrieved from http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1824/83/pdfs/ukpga_18240083_en.pdf
Manning, P. K., & Fabrega, H. (1973). The Experience of Self and Body: Health and Illness in the Chiapas Highlands. In G. Psathas (Ed.), Phenomenological Sociology (pp. 251–301). New York: Wiley.
Manzotti, R. (2010). There Are No Images (to Be Seen) or The Fallacy of the Intermediate Entity. APA Newsletter on Philosophy and Computers, 9(2), 59–66.
Martin, A. D., & Kamberelis, G. (2013). Mapping Not Tracing: Qualitative Educational Research with Political Teeth. International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education, 26(6), 668–679.
Mastin, L. (2011). The History of English: Norman Conquest. Retrieved from http://www.thehistoryofenglish.com/history_middle.html
Mcphie, J. (2018). I Knock at the Stone’s Front Door: Performative Pedagogies Beyond the Human Story. Parallax, 24(3), 306–323.
Metal Spikes – Treating Homeless People Like Pigeons? (2014). Channel 4 News Programme. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=htUVIDzGucE
Minton, A. (2012). Ground Control: Fear and Happiness in the Twenty-First-Century City. London: Penguin Books.
Mitchell, D. (2003). The Right to the City: Social Justice and the Fight for Social Space. New York: The Guilford Press.
Moore, J. W. (2014). The Capitalocene, Part I: On the Nature & Origins of Our Ecological Crisis. Retrieved from http://www.jasonwmoore.com/uploads/The_Capitalocene__Part_I__June_2014.pdf
Muller, N., Ignatieva, M., Nilon, C. H., Werner, P., & Zipperer, W. C. (2013). Patterns and Trends in Urban Biodiversity and Landscape Design. In T. Elmqvist, M. Fragkias, J. Goodness, B. Güneralp, P. J. Marcotullio, R. I. McDonald, S. Parnell, M. Schewenius, M. Sendstad, K. C. Seto, & C. Wilkinson (Eds.), Urbanization, Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services: Challenges and Opportunities, A Global Assessment (pp. 123–174). Dordrecht, Heidelberg, New York, & London: Springer.
Office Service Charge Brochure. (2012). Liverpool ONE. Retrieved from www.liverpooloneoffices.com
Oppenheim, M. (2014). Who Shapes Cities and for Whom? Retrieved from http://www.newleftproject.org/index.php/site/article_comments/who_shapes_cities_and_for_whom
Pepper, D. (1984). The Roots of Modern Environmentalism. London: Croom Helm.
Price, E. A. C. (2003). Lowland Grassland and Heathland Habitats. London: Routledge.
Price-Robertson, R., & Duff, C. (2015). Realism, Materialism, and the Assemblage: Thinking Psychologically with Manuel DeLanda. Theory & Psychology, 26(1), 1–19.
Ranta, T., & Pirhonen, J. (2006). Effect of Tank Size on Food Intake and Growth in Individually Held Juvenile Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum). Aquaculture Research, 37(13), 1381–1385.
Richardson, T. (2015). Developing Schizocartography: Formulating a Theoretical Methodology for a Walking Practice. In T. Richardson (Ed.), Walking Inside Out: Contemporary British Psychogeography (pp. 181–193). London & New York: Rowman & Littlefield International.
Rose, M. (2015). Confessions of an Anarcho-Flâneuse, or Psychogeography the Mancunian Way. In T. Richardson (Ed.), Walking Inside Out: Contemporary British Psychogeography (pp. 147–164). London & New York: Rowman & Littlefield International.
Self, W. (2016). Selling Space – Britain’s Public Spaces Going Private. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8yMuZ6m9MeE. Published on 12 Feb 2016.
Shiva, V. (1993). Monocultures of the Mind: Perspectives on Biodiversity and Biotechnology. London & New York: Zen Books Ltd.
Spuybroek, L. (2011). Sympathy of Things: Ruskin and the Ecology of Design. Rotterdam, Netherlands: V2 Publishing.
Survival International. (n.d.). Why Do They Hide? Retrieved from http://www.survivalinternational.org/articles/3104-why-do-they-hide
Treneman, A. (1998). Profile: The Duke of Westminster – Private Property: Keep Out. The Independent. Retrieved from http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/profile-the-duke-of-westminster-private-property-keep-out-1147573.html
Waldron, J. (1991). Homelessness and the Issue of Freedom. UCLA Law Review, 39, 295–324.
Walker, P. (2015). No Kites, No Music, No Politics on Our Garden Bridge – We’ll Be Watching You. The Guardian Newspaper, Saturday, 7 November, p. 5.
Waterton, E. (2014). A More-Than-Representational Understanding of Heritage? The ‘Past’ and the Politics of Affect. Geography Compass, 8(11), 823–833.
Wilson, K. (2003). Therapeutic Landscapes and First Nations Peoples: An Exploration of Culture, Health and Place. Health & Place, 9, 83–93.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Mcphie, J. (2019). The Depression of POPS. In: Mental Health and Wellbeing in the Anthropocene. Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3326-2_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3326-2_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-13-3325-5
Online ISBN: 978-981-13-3326-2
eBook Packages: Social SciencesSocial Sciences (R0)