Abstract
The single-junction-based conventional PV panels are dominating almost the entire photovoltaic market. In addition, they can only offer a limited solar conversion efficiency due to limitations of the band gap of their single pn-junction. On the other hand, third-generation multi-junction solar cell offers the highest solar energy conversion efficiency as their multiple pn-junctions can absorb a larger portion of solar spectrum. Despite such high potential, their share in current photovoltaic market is still negligible, even though, they have been used in form of concentrated photovoltaic (CPV) systems to reduce the use of expensive solar cell material. The main reason for such low market share is due to the gigantic design of commercial PV system which is only suitable to install in the open desert regions, thereby limiting its customers and application scope. In this chapter, a compact CPV system design is discussed with the motivation for its rooftop application and installation. Moreover, the long-term performance of CPV is also compared with conventional PV system in tropical conditions to highlight its potential in low solar energy areas.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Astronomical Applications Department of the U.S. Naval Observatory. http://aa.usno.navy.mil/data/docs/AltAz.php. Date retrieved: 10-05-2015
Burhan M (2015) Theoretical and experimental study of concentrated photovoltaic (CPV) system with hydrogen production as energy storage, Doctoral dissertation
Burhan M, Chua KJE, Ng KC (2016a) Simulation and development of a multi-leg homogeniser concentrating assembly for concentrated photovoltaic (CPV) system with electrical rating analysis. Energy Convers Manage 116:58–71
Burhan M, Chua KJE, Ng KC (2016b) Sunlight to hydrogen conversion: design optimization and energy management of concentrated photovoltaic (CPV-Hydrogen) system using micro genetic algorithm. Energy 99:115–128
Burhan M, Oh SJ, Chua KJE, Ng KC (2016c) Double lens collimator solar feedback sensor and master slave configuration: development of compact and low cost two axis solar tracking system for CPV applications. Sol Energy 137:352–363
Burhan M, Chua KJE, Ng KC (2016d) Long term hydrogen production potential of concentrated photovoltaic (CPV) system in tropical weather of Singapore. Int J Hydrogen Energy 41(38):16729–16742
Burhan M, Chua KJE, Ng KC (2016e) Electrical rating of concentrated photovoltaic (CPV) systems: long-term performance analysis and comparison to conventional PV systems. Int J Technol 7(2):189–196. https://doi.org/10.14716/ijtech.v7i2.2983
Burhan M, Shahzad MW, Ng KC (2017a) Development of performance model and optimization strategy for standalone operation of CPV-hydrogen system utilizing multi-junction solar cell. Int J Hydrogen Energy 42(43):26789–26803
Burhan M, Oh SJ, Chua KJ, Ng KC (2017b) Solar to hydrogen: compact and cost effective CPV field for rooftop operation and hydrogen production. Appl Energy 194:255–266
Burhan M, Shahzad MW, Ng KC (2017c) Long-term performance potential of concentrated photovoltaic (CPV) systems. Energy Convers Manage 148:90–99
Burhan M, Shahzad MW, Choon NK (2018a) Hydrogen at the rooftop: compact CPV-hydrogen system to convert sunlight to hydrogen. Appl Therm Eng 132:154–164
Burhan M, Shahzad MW, Ng KC (2018b) Sustainable cooling with hybrid concentrated photovoltaic thermal (CPVT) system and hydrogen energy storage. Int J Comput Phys Ser 1(2):40–51
Burhan M, Shahzad MW, Oh SJ, Ng KC (2018c) A pathway for sustainable conversion of sunlight to hydrogen using proposed compact CPV system. Energy Convers Manage 165:102–112
Cherucheril G, March S, Verma A (2011) Multijunction solar cells. Department of Electrical Engineering, Iowa State University
Claverie M, Dupas A, Esteve A (1980) Proceedings of 3rd E.C. photovoltaic solar energy conference, p 381, Reidel, Dordrecht, CNRS, France
Clemens DD (1997) Photovoltaic concentrator system. US Patent 5,660,644
David FK, Stephen HJ (2007) Laminated solar concentrating photovoltaic device. US Patent application publication, pp US2007/0256726
Desideri U, Campana PE (2014) Analysis and comparison between a concentrating solar and a photovoltaic power plant. Appl Energy 113:422–433
Desideri U, Zepparelli F, Morettini V, Garroni E (2013) Comparative analysis of concentrating solar power and photovoltaic technologies: technical and environmental evaluations. Appl Energy 102:765–784
Farahani S (2011) ZigBee wireless networks and transceivers. Newnes
Garboushian V, Roubideaux D, Yoon S (1996) Proceedings of 25th photovoltaic specialists conference, p 1373, IEEE, New York
Garboushian V, Stone KW, Slade A (2007) The amonix high-concentration photovoltaic system. Concentrator Photovoltaics 130:253
Giuffrida M, Tornielli GP, Pidatella S, Repetto A, Bellafronte E, Zani PE (1980) Proceedings of 3rd E.C. photovoltaic solar energy conference, p 391, Reidel, Dordrecht
Green MA, Emery K, Hishikawa Y, Warta W, Dunlop ED (2015) Solar cell efficiency tables (Version 45). Prog Photovoltaics Res Appl 23(1):1–9
IPCC (2012) Renewable energy sources and climate change mitigation. Special report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
Luque-Heredia I, Cervantes R, Quemere G (2006) A sun tracking error monitor for photovoltaic concentrators. In: Photovoltaic energy conversion, conference record of the 2006 IEEE 4th world conference on 2006, vol 1, pp 706–709
Luque-Heredia I, Moreno JM, Magalhaes PH, Cervantes R, Quemere G, Laurent O (2007) Inspira’s CPV sun tracking. Concentrator Photovoltaics 130:221
Mathur SS, Negi BS, Kandpal TC (1990) Geometrical designs and performance analysis of a linear Fresnel reflector solar concentrator with a flat horizontal absorber. Int J Energy Res 14(1):107–124
McConnell R (2008) A solar concentrator pathway to low-cost electrolytic hydrogen. In: Solar hydrogen generation. Springer, New York, pp 65–86
Muhammad B, Seung JO, Ng KC, Chun W (2016) Experimental investigation of multijunction solar cell using two axis solar tracker. In: Applied mechanics and materials, vol 819, pp 536–540. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.819.536
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) (2016) http://www.nrel.gov/ncpv/images/efficiency_chart.jpg. Date retrieved: 01-08-2016
Ng KC, Burhan M, Shahzad MW, Ismail AB (2017) A universal isotherm model to capture adsorption uptake and energy distribution of porous heterogeneous surface. Sci Rep 7(1):10634
Oh SJ, Burhan M, Ng KC, Kim Y, Chun W (2015) Development and performance analysis of a two-axis solar tracker for concentrated photovoltaics. Int J Energy Res 39(7):965–976
Sala G, Araújo GL, Luque A, Ruiz J, Coello MA, Lorenzo E, Chenlo F, Sanz J, Alonso A (1979) Proceedings of ISES international solar energy society silver jubilee congress, p 1737, Pergamon, New York
Salim A, Eugenio N (1990) A comprehensive report on the performance of the longest operating 350 kW concentrator photovoltaic power system. Solar Cells 29(1):1–24
Shahzad MW, Burhan M, Ang L, Ng KC (2018a) Adsorption desalination—principles, process design, and its hybrids for future sustainable desalination. In: Emerging technologies for sustainable desalination handbook, pp 3–34
Shahzad MW, Burhan M, Son HS, Oh SJ, Ng KC (2018b) Desalination processes evaluation at common platform: a universal performance ratio (UPR) method. Appl Therm Eng 134:62–67
Shahzad MW, Burhan M, Ghaffour N, Ng KC (2018c) A multi evaporator desalination system operated with thermocline energy for future sustainability. Desalination 435:268–277
Singh P, Liburdy JA (1993) A solar concentrator design for uniform flux on a flat receiver. Energy Convers Manage 34:533–543
Solanki SC, Dubey S, Tiwari A (2009) Indoor simulation and testing of photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) air collectors. Appl Energy 86(11):2421–2428
Tsadka S, Segev R, Migalovich P, Levin O, Tarazi E, Whelan R (2009) Solar electricity generation system. US Patent application publication, p US2009/0065045
Walter L, John L (1994) Multiple reflector concentrator solar electric power system. US Patent 5,374,317
Xu G, Zhong Z, Wang B, Guo R, Tian Y (2013) Design of PSD based solar direction sensor. In: Sixth international symposium on precision mechanical measurements, International Society for Optics and Photonics, pp 89162–89162
Yao Y, Hu Y, Gao S, Yang G, Du J (2014) A multipurpose dual-axis solar tracker with two tracking strategies. Renew Energy 72:88–98
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Burhan, M., Shahzad, M.W., Ng, K.C. (2019). Concentrated Photovoltaic (CPV) for Rooftop—Compact System Approach. In: Tyagi, H., Agarwal, A., Chakraborty, P., Powar, S. (eds) Advances in Solar Energy Research. Energy, Environment, and Sustainability. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3302-6_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3302-6_6
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-13-3301-9
Online ISBN: 978-981-13-3302-6
eBook Packages: EnergyEnergy (R0)