Effective Utilization of High-Grade Energy Through Thermochemical Conversion of Different Wastes

Santhoshkumar, A.; Muthu Dinesh Kumar, R.; Babu, D.; Thangarasu, Vinoth; Anand, R.

doi:10.1007/978-981-13-3281-4_11

A. Santhoshkumar⁷,
R. Muthu Dinesh Kumar⁷,
D. Babu⁷,
Vinoth Thangarasu⁷ &
…
R. Anand⁷

Part of the book series: Energy, Environment, and Sustainability ((ENENSU))

878 Accesses
1 Citations

Abstract

Waste disposal is a major problem in most of the countries. Thus, waste to energy conversion will fulfill the future energy demand as well as resolve the pollution issues. This work mainly involved in the extensive study on pyrolysis and gasification of biomass and hazardous e-waste into useful energy and its impact on the environment. Microwave-assisted pyrolysis (MAP) technique has attracted the research society because of its energy efficient process and more viable route for converting the waste into potential products. Similarly, this chapter provides the assessment of biomass and e-waste volarization route to produce syngas using different gasification strategies. In addition, this study focused on the pyrolysis and gasification parameters like temperature, equivalence ratio, and particle size, which influence the product yield and emission formation. In general, pyrolysis and gasification of biomass and e-waste produce the volatile products, and it leaves the solid residue like char and ash. As an implementation, this study explained the conversion of waste residue from pyrolysis and gasification into useful products like activated carbon, silicon carbide, and zeolite, which can be used as the catalyst in microwave process and some other applications. At the end, the study covers the utilization of pyrolysis fuel and syngas in compression ignition engines with advanced technologies like CRDI and dual fuel strategies. CRDI and dual fuel mode combustion are the appropriate methods to reduce the engine emissions and enhance the engine efficiency.

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Abbreviations

ABS:: Acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene
ASTM:: American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)
BFRs:: Brominated flame retardants
CAG:: Comptroller and Auditor General of India
CFC:: Chlorofluorocarbon
COHb:: Carboxyhemoglobin
CPV:: Concentrator photovoltaics
CRDI:: Common rail direct injection
CRTs:: Cathode ray tube
CSP:: Concentrated solar power
DME:: Direct methyl ether
DSC:: Differential scanning calorimetry
EDX:: Energy dispersive X-ray analysis
ER:: Equivalence ratio
FPSPS:: Free-pressureless spark sintering technique
FTIR:: Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy
GC:: Gas chromatography
HCBs:: Hexa-chlorobenzenes
HDPE:: High-density polyethylene
HIPS:: High impact polystyrene
HPLC:: High-performance liquid chromatography
MAOS:: Microwave-assisted organic synthesis
MAP:: Microwave-assisted pyrolysis
MB:: Methylene blue
MSW:: Municipal solid waste
MWS:: Maxwell–Wagner–Sillars
NMFs:: Nonmetallic fractions
NMR:: Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
OECD:: Organisation for economic cooperation and development
PAH:: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
PBDD/Fs:: Polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans
PCDD/Fs:: Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans
POPs:: Persistent organic pollutants
PP:: Polypropylene
PS:: Polystyrene
PVC:: Polyvinyl chloride
SiC:: Silicon carbide
TBBPA:: Tetrabromobisphenol
TGA:: Thermogravimetric analysis
WCO:: Waste cooking oil
WEEE:: Waste electrical and electronic equipment
WPCBs or WCB:: Waste printed circuit boards
XRF:: X-ray fluorescence

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi, India, and the Director, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, India for extending the facilities to carry out the research work.

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Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, 620015, Tamil Nadu, India
A. Santhoshkumar, R. Muthu Dinesh Kumar, D. Babu, Vinoth Thangarasu & R. Anand

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A. Santhoshkumar
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R. Muthu Dinesh Kumar
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D. Babu
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Vinoth Thangarasu
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R. Anand
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Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
Rashmi Avinash Agarwal
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
Avinash Kumar Agarwal
Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
Tarun Gupta
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
Nikhil Sharma

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Santhoshkumar, A., Muthu Dinesh Kumar, R., Babu, D., Thangarasu, V., Anand, R. (2019). Effective Utilization of High-Grade Energy Through Thermochemical Conversion of Different Wastes. In: Agarwal, R., Agarwal, A., Gupta, T., Sharma, N. (eds) Pollutants from Energy Sources. Energy, Environment, and Sustainability. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3281-4_11

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3281-4_11
Published: 02 November 2018
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