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Role of Cellulases in Food, Feed, and Beverage Industries

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Green Bio-processes

Part of the book series: Energy, Environment, and Sustainability ((ENENSU))

Abstract

The activities of microbial enzymes have been observed and utilized for many centuries, but it has been only in relatively recent times that the use of microbial enzymes has been commercialized. Cellulases are a group of enzymes consisting of three major components, endoglucanase, exoglucanase, and β-d-glucosidase of which endoglucanase acts on carboxymethyl cellulose causing random scission of cellulose chains yielding glucose and cello-oligosaccharides, exoglucanase acts on microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel) liberating cellobiose as the primary product β-glucosidase works on cellobiose to release glucose. All these enzymes act synergistically to release glucose as end product. Cellulase has a wide range of applications in Industrial Biotechnology and is the second most used industrial enzyme after protease. In most of the cases, they are used in combination with other enzymes like pectinase, hemicellulase, ligninase, etc. Some of the most important applications of cellulase are in food, brewery and wine, animal feed, textile and laundry, pulp and paper industries, as well as in biomass hydrolysis, agriculture, and research purposes. However, the most promising applications are in the food, feed, and beverage industries. The present review presents an overview of the role of cellulase enzyme in the food, feed, and beverage industries. Other major applications and scope for further research are also mentioned briefly.

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Acknowledgements

The corresponding author (G. Nagendra Prabhu) is grateful to Department of Science and Technology, Government of India, University Grants Commission, Government of India, Kerala State Council for Science, Technology & Environment and Kerala Biotechnology Commission for providing financial support to conduct the projects for cellulase production using aquatic weeds. V. Anoop Kumar thanks the University Grants Commission for providing Junior Research Fellowship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Research on Aquatic Resources, S. D. College, University of Kerala, Alleppey, India

    V. Anoop Kumar & G. Nagendra Prabhu

  2. P. G. Department of Zoology, M. G. College, University of Kerala, Trivandrum, India

    R. Suresh Chandra Kurup

  3. Department of Microbiology, S. D. College, University of Kerala, Alleppey, India

    C. Snishamol

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  1. V. Anoop Kumar
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  4. G. Nagendra Prabhu
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Correspondence to G. Nagendra Prabhu .

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  1. Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India

    Binod Parameswaran

  2. Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India

    Sunita Varjani

  3. Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India

    Sindhu Raveendran

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Anoop Kumar, V., Suresh Chandra Kurup, R., Snishamol, C., Nagendra Prabhu, G. (2019). Role of Cellulases in Food, Feed, and Beverage Industries. In: Parameswaran, B., Varjani, S., Raveendran, S. (eds) Green Bio-processes. Energy, Environment, and Sustainability. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3263-0_17

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