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Tumor Markers in GI and HPB Cancers

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GI Surgery Annual

Part of the book series: GI Surgery Annual ((GISA,volume 25))

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Abstract

Tumor markers are substances produced in large quantities by cancer cells OR by normal cells in response to the presence of a cancer. They may also be produced in small quantities by normal cells. These substances are usually proteins (enzymes, hormones, DNA, RNA, mRNA, metabolites, receptors, carcinoembryonic proteins, and oncoproteins) or carbohydrates. They may be elevated when there is no cancer (false positive) or may be normal or low when there is a cancer (false negative). They are usually measured in blood, urine, and other body fluids or identified in tumor tissue.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of HPB, GI Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Sri Ramakrishna Hospital, Coimbatore, India

    Anand Bharathan

  2. Department of HPB Surgery, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India

    V. Sitaram

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  1. Anand Bharathan
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  2. V. Sitaram
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of GI Surgery and Liver Transplantation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

    Peush Sahni

  2. Department of GI Surgery and Liver Transplantation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

    Sujoy Pal

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Bharathan, A., Sitaram, V. (2019). Tumor Markers in GI and HPB Cancers. In: Sahni, P., Pal, S. (eds) GI Surgery Annual. GI Surgery Annual, vol 25. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3227-2_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3227-2_5

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