Abstract
Discourse structure has a central role in several NLP tasks, such as document translation, text summarization and dialogue generation. Also, text-level discourse parsing is notoriously difficult for the long distance of discourse and deep structures of discourse trees. In this paper, we build a tree-structured neural network for RST discourse parsing. We also introduce two tracking LSTMs to store long-distance information of a document to strengthen the representations for sentences and the entire document. Experimental results show that our proposed method obtains comparable performance regarding standard discourse parsing evaluations when compared with state-of-the-art systems.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
The Penn Discourse TreeBank 2.0. https://catalog.ldc.upenn.edu/LDC2008T05.
- 2.
- 3.
- 4.
RMSprop is an unpublished, adaptive learning rate method proposed by Geoff Hinton.
References
Voll, K., Taboada, M.: Not all words are created equal: extracting semantic orientation as a function of adjective relevance. In: Orgun, M.A., Thornton, J. (eds.) AI 2007. LNCS, vol. 4830, pp. 337–346. Springer, Heidelberg (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-76928-6_35
Louis, A., Joshi, A., Nenkova, A.: Discourse indicators for content selection in summarization. In: Proceedings of the 11th Annual Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Discourse and Dialogue, pp. 147–156. The University of Tokyo (2010)
Lin, R., Liu, S., Yang, M., Li, M., Zhou, M., Li, S.: Hierarchical recurrent neural network for document modeling. In: Proceedings of the 2015 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, Lisbon, Portugal, pp. 899–907 (2015)
Mann, W.C., Thompson, S.A.: Rhetorical structure theory: toward a functional theory of text organization. Text-Interdisc. J. Study Discourse 8(3), 243–281 (1988)
Carlson, L., Marcu, D.: Discourse tagging reference manual. ISI Technical report ISI-TR-545, 54: 56 (2001)
Hernault, H., Prendinger, H., Ishizuka, M.: HILDA: a discourse parser using support vector machine classification. Dialogue Discourse 1(3) (2010)
Feng, V.W., Hirst, G.: A linear-time bottom-up discourse parser with constraints and post-editing. In: Proceedings of the 52nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, (Volume 1: Long Papers), pp. 1:511–1:521 (2014)
Ji, Y., Eisenstein, J.: Representation learning for text-level discourse parsing. In: Proceedings of the 52nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), pp. 1:13–1:24 (2014)
Marcu, D.: The rhetorical parsing of unrestricted texts: a surface-based approach. Comput. Linguist. 26(3), 395–448 (2000)
Joty, S., Carenini, G., Ng, R., Mehdad, Y.: Combining intra- and multi-sentential rhetorical parsing for document-level discourse analysis. In: Proceedings of the 51st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Sofia, Bulgaria, pp. 486–496 (2013)
Heilman, M., Sagae, K.: Fast rhetorical structure theory discourse parsing. arXiv preprint arXiv:1505.02425 (2015)
Li, S., Wang, L., Cao, Z., Li, W.: Text-level discourse dependency parsing. In: Proceeding of the 52nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Baltimore, Maryland, pp. 25–35 (2014)
Li, J., Li, R., Hovy, E.: Recursive deep models for discourse parsing. In: Proceedings of the 2014 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, EMNLP, pp. 2061–2069 (2014)
Li, Q., Li, T., Chang, B.: Discourse parsing with attention-based hierarchical neural networks. In: Proceedings of the 2016 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, Austin, Texas, pp. 362–371 (2016)
Braud, C., Coavoux, M., Søgaard, A.: Cross-lingual RST discourse parsing. arXiv preprint arXiv:1701.02946 (2017)
Parikh, A.P., Täckström, O., Das, D., et al.: A decomposable attention model for natural language inference. arXiv preprint arXiv:1606.01933 (2016)
Paulus, R., Xiong, C., Socher, R.: A deep reinforced model for abstractive summarization. arXiv preprint arXiv:1705.04304 (2017)
Cheng, J., Dong, L., Lapata, M.: Long short-term memory-networks for machine reading. arXiv preprint arXiv:1601.06733 (2016)
Zhu, X., Sobihani, P., Guo, H.: Long short-term memory over recursive structures. In: International Conference on Machine Learning, pp. 1604–1612 (2015)
Bowman, S.R., Gauthier, J., Rastogi, A., et al.: A fast unified model for parsing and sentence understanding. arXiv preprint arXiv:1603.06021 (2016)
Marcu, D.: The Theory and Practice of Discourse Parsing and Summarization. MIT Press, Cambridge (2000)
Sagae, K., Lavie, A.: A classifier-based parser with linear run-time complexity. In: Proceedings of the Ninth International Workshop on Parsing Technologies, IWPT, Vancouver, pp. 125–132 (2005)
Pennington, J., Socher, R., Manning, C.: GloVe: global vectors for word representation. In: Proceedings of the 2014 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, EMNLP, pp. 1532–1543 (2014)
Manning, C.D., Surdeanu, M., Bauer, J., Finkel, J., Bethard, S.J., McClosky, D.: The Stanford CoreNLP natural language processing toolkit. In: Proceedings of the 52nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations, pp. 55–60 (2014)
Joty, S., Carenini, G., Ng, R.T.: CODRA: a novel discriminative framework for rhetorical analysis. Comput. Linguist. 41(3), 385–435 (2015)
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank three anonymous reviewers for their comments on this paper. This research was supported by the General Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 61472264, the Artificial Intelligence Emergency Project under Grant No. 61751206, the sub-topic of the National Key Research and Development Program under Grant No. 2017YFB1002101, and the Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 61502149.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Zhang, L., Sun, C., Tan, X., Kong, F. (2019). RST Discourse Parsing with Tree-Structured Neural Networks. In: Chen, J., Zhang, J. (eds) Machine Translation. CWMT 2018. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 954. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3083-4_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3083-4_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-13-3082-7
Online ISBN: 978-981-13-3083-4
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)