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Varietal Improvement

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Book cover The Coconut Palm (Cocos nucifera L.) - Research and Development Perspectives

Abstract

Considerable progress has been made in evolving high-yielding coconut cultivars and hybrids with desirable traits, despite critical constraints in breeding due to heterozygous, monotypic and perennial nature of the crop with a long gestation period and requiring extensive land area for experimentation. Comprehensive efforts in prospection and international cooperation have helped in the assemblage of 1837 valuable accessions maintained in the five international gene banks and various national gene banks. The significance of selection at mother palm level and seedling stage has been well established. The most significant stride came with the advent of hybrids especially between Dwarf and Tall varieties which led to concerted attention on production of high-quality hybrids. However, the area covered under hybrids is only 3% globally, mainly because of poor accessibility and availability of adequate quality assured planting material. Possibility of mitigating this limitation through seed gardens is indicated. Since no single method is infallible, a comprehensive breeding strategy based on the principles of reciprocal recurrent selection has been suggested, irrespective of the considerable time and resources required for such an initiative. Coconut breeding programmes in the major coconut-growing countries are described in the chapter. The main challenge today is in the development of biotic and abiotic tolerant materials to alleviate the negative impact of serious diseases and moisture stress conditions. Strides in biotechnology are the way ahead to complement future breeding strategies in coconut.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ICAR-CPCRI, Kasaragod, Kerala, India

    K. U. K. Nampoothiri

  2. MS Swaminathan Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

    K. U. K. Nampoothiri

  3. Nigerian Institute for Oil Palm Research, Benin City, Nigeria

    K. U. K. Nampoothiri

  4. FAO Consultant, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India

    K. U. K. Nampoothiri

  5. ICAR-IISR, Kozhikode, Kerala, India

    V. A. Parthasarathy

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  1. K. U. K. Nampoothiri
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  2. V. A. Parthasarathy
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Correspondence to K. U. K. Nampoothiri .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Regional Station, Kayamkulam, Kerala, India

    V. Krishnakumar

  2. Retired Chief Coconut Development Officer, Coconut Development Board, Government of India, Kerala, India

    P. K. Thampan

  3. Retired Professor of Agronomy and Director (Academic), Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, Kerala, India

    M. Achuthan Nair

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Nampoothiri, K.U.K., Parthasarathy, V.A. (2018). Varietal Improvement. In: Krishnakumar, V., Thampan, P., Nair, M. (eds) The Coconut Palm (Cocos nucifera L.) - Research and Development Perspectives. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2754-4_4

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