Abstract
Many studies have been conducted to develop low cost catalysts to reduce the production cost. Several catalysts such as homogeneous/heterogeneous acid catalysts, homogeneous/heterogeneous base catalysts and biocatalysts (enzymes) have been studied and applied in the synthesis of biodiesel. Base-catalyzed transesterification is commonly used in commercial production because of high FAME yield in short reaction time and the reaction can be done in mild conditions as compared to acid-catalyzed transesterification. In the present study, egg shell and coconut waste were synthesized using calcination method at 800 °C for 4 h. SEM micrographs prove that the mixture of catalyst shows a bigger surface area. This result is expected to increase the yield of biodiesel. It can be concluded that biodiesel was produced successfully using palm oil and mixed catalysts.
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Acknowledgment
The research was funded by FRGS grant (FRGS 13-079-0320) from the Government of Malaysia.
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Sulaiman, S., Talha, N.S. (2018). Technique to Produce Catalyst from Egg Shell and Coconut Waste for Biodiesel Production. In: Amid, A., Sulaiman, S., Jimat, D., Azmin, N. (eds) Multifaceted Protocol in Biotechnology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2257-0_8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2257-0_8
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