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Peroxisomes and Their Central Role in Metabolic Interaction Networks in Humans

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Proteomics of Peroxisomes

Part of the book series: Subcellular Biochemistry ((SCBI,volume 89))

Abstract

Peroxisomes catalyze a number of essential metabolic functions and impairments in any of these are usually associated with major clinical signs and symptoms. In contrast to mitochondria which are autonomous organelles that can catalyze the degradation of fatty acids, certain amino acids and other compounds all by themselves, peroxisomes are non-autonomous organelles which are highly dependent on the interaction with other organelles and compartments to fulfill their role in metabolism. This includes mitochondria, the endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, and the cytosol. In this paper we will discuss the central role of peroxisomes in different metabolic interaction networks in humans, including fatty acid oxidation, ether phospholipid biosynthesis, bile acid synthesis, fatty acid alpha-oxidation and glyoxylate metabolism.

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Abbreviations

ACBP:

Acyl-CoA binding protein

AGPS:

Alkylglycerone-3-phosphate synthase

AMACR:

2-Methylacyl-CoA racemase

ABCD:

ATP-binding cassette protein, Family D

ACOT:

Acyl-CoA thioesterase

BAAT:

Bile acid-CoA: amino acid transferase

BSEP:

Bile salt export pump

CACT:

Carnitine acylcarnitine translocase

CRAT:

Carnitine acetyltransferase

CROT:

Carnitine octanoyltransferase

DCA:

Dicarboxylic acid

DHA:

Docosahexaenoic acid

DHCA:

Dihydroxycholestanoic acid

ELOVL:

Elongation of very long-chain acids protein

EPL:

Ether phospholipid

FA:

Fatty acid

FAR1/2:

Fatty acyl-CoA reductase (fatty alcohol forming) 1/2

FFAT:

Phenylalanine Phenylalanine Acidic Tract

GR/HPR:

Glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase

GNPAT:

Glycerone-3-phosphate acyltransferase

HAO1:

Hydroxy acid oxidase 1 (glycolate oxidase)

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

RNS:

Reactive nitrogen species

THCA:

Trihydroxycholestanoic acid

PexRAP:

Peroxisomal reductase activating PPARgamma

VAP:

Vesicle associated protein

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Jos Ruiter for preparation of the figures and Maddy Festen for expert preparation of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Departments Clinical Chemistry and Pediatrics, Emma Children’s Hospital, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Ronald J. A. Wanders, Hans R. Waterham & Sacha Ferdinandusse

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  1. Ronald J. A. Wanders
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  2. Hans R. Waterham
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  3. Sacha Ferdinandusse
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Correspondence to Ronald J. A. Wanders .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Granada, Spain

    Luis A. del Río

  2. Department of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK

    Michael Schrader

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Wanders, R.J.A., Waterham, H.R., Ferdinandusse, S. (2018). Peroxisomes and Their Central Role in Metabolic Interaction Networks in Humans. In: del Río, L., Schrader, M. (eds) Proteomics of Peroxisomes. Subcellular Biochemistry, vol 89. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2233-4_15

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