Optimal Load Frequency Control of an Unified Power System with SMES and TCPS

Abstract

TCPS (Thyristor-controlled phase shifter) and SMES (Super Conducting Magnetic Storage) are implemented in this research work to regulate the frequency of an interlocked two area power system. Two distinct PD + PID double-loop controller is recommended in each area for frequency regulation in the scrutinized system. The optimum controller gains are obtained using firefly algorithm considering ISE (Integral Square Error) as objective function. The system responses of this suggested model is examined by introducing a rapid load variation of 0.1 pu in area 1. The supremacy of the recommended PD + PID controller is established over PID controller considering several time response indices like peak overshoots, settling time and minimum undershoots. The toughness of the proposed system is also verified by amplifying the loading of the system.

Appendix

$$ \begin{aligned} & T_{H} = 0.8, T_{r} = 10, K_{r} T_{r} = 5, T_{t} = 0.3, T_{P} = 20,B = 0.425, \\ & R = 0.425, K_{P} = 120, T_{12} = 0.01, T_{\text{TCPS}} = 0.01, K_{\phi } = 1.5, \\ & \phi_{\hbox{max} } = 13^\circ ,\phi_{\hbox{min} } = - 13^\circ , K_{\text{SMES}} = 0.12, T_{\text{SMES}} = 0.035 \\ \end{aligned} $$