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Rainfall Characteristics over the Northwest Himalayan Region

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Remote Sensing of Northwest Himalayan Ecosystems

Abstract

The Northwest Himalayan (NWH) region constitutes a unique geographical setting with a complex interaction between atmosphere and topography. The region is also the birthplace of many perennial rivers like the Ganges, Yamuna, Indus, Chenab, etc. and their various tributaries. The precipitation processes in the region dominate not only the geomorphological processes and terrestrial hydrological cycle but are also highly relied upon for food and water availability, thus, playing a decisive role in the socio-economic survival of millions of people inhabiting the basins of these rivers. The precipitation pattern in this region is mainly controlled by two major atmospheric circulations: Indian summer monsoon (ISM) lasting from June to September and Western disturbances during the winter season from December to March. While the Eastern Himalayan ranges receive precipitation mainly through monsoon rains, the NWH receives both rainfall (liquid) and snow (solid) in summer and winter season, respectively. The monsoon rains contribute roughly 75–80% to the annual precipitation of the NWH and closely control the river discharge in the basins.

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Acknowledgements

Work presented in this chapter is a part of the EOAM project. Authors thankfully acknowledge the collaborator of this project Dr. V. Venugopal (CAOS, IISc Bangalore). Thanks are due to Head MASD, Dean (Academics) and Director IIRS for the support and encouragement. Ms. Sudeshna Purakait and Mr. Abhisek Das are thankfully acknowledged for generating Fig. 8.1 and Fig. 8.3, respectively, of this chapter. The TRMM 3B42V7 and TRMM 2B31 data used in this effort were acquired as part of the activities of NASA’s Science Mission Directorate and are archived and distributed by the Goddard Earth Sciences (GES) Data and Information Services Centre (DISC). SRTM DEM is a product of CGIAR-CSI (http://srtm.csi.cgiar.org/). We thank IMD for making the rainfall data set available for the research community.

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  1. Marine and Atmospheric Sciences Department, Indian Institute of Remote Sensing (IIRS), Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), Department of Space, Government of India, Dehradun, India

    Charu Singh & Vidhi Bharti

  2. Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

    Vidhi Bharti

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  1. Indian Space Research Organisation, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

    R. R. Navalgund

  2. Indian Institute of Remote Sensing, Indian Space Research Organisation, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India

    A. Senthil Kumar

  3. Indian Institute of Remote Sensing, Indian Space Research Organisation, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India

    Subrata Nandy

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Singh, C., Bharti, V. (2019). Rainfall Characteristics over the Northwest Himalayan Region. In: Navalgund, R., Kumar, A., Nandy, S. (eds) Remote Sensing of Northwest Himalayan Ecosystems. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2128-3_8

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