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General Elimination of Quantitative and Other Restrictions

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Abstract

No prohibitions or restrictions other than duties, taxes or other charges, whether made effective through quotas, import or export licences or other measures, shall be instituted or maintained by any contracting party on the importation of any product of the territory of any other contracting party on the exportation or sale for export of any product destined for the territory of any other contracting party.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    EEC—QRs Against Imports of Certain Products from Hong Kong, Panel Report, Adopted 12 July 1983, BISD 30S/129.

  2. 2.

    USA—Import Prohibitions of Certain Shrimp and Shrimp Products. Panel Report, WT/DS 58/R and Corr. I, Adopted 6 November 1998 Para. 7.16.

  3. 3.

    Panel Report on Argentina—Measures Affecting the Export of Bovine Hides and Import of Finished Leather, WT/DS/55/R and Corr. I, Adopted 16 Feb 2001.

  4. 4.

    Ibid., Panel Report on French Import Restrictions, L/1921, Adopted on 14 November 1962, 11S/ 94; Panel Report on Japan—Restrictions on Imports of Certain Agricultural Product, L/6263, Adopted on 2 Feb. 1988, 35S/163; USA—Restriction on the Importation of Sugar and Sugar-containing Products Applied under the 1955 Waiver, L/6631, Adopted on 7 November 1990, 37S/228.

  5. 5.

    India—Quantitative Restriction on Import of Agricultural, Textiles and Industrial Products, Panel Report, WT/DS90/R Adopted 22 September 1999.

  6. 6.

    Ibid., Paras. 5.129–5.130.

  7. 7.

    EEC—Quantitative Restriction Against Imports of Certain Products from Hong Kong, Panel Report, Adopted 12 July 1983, BISD 30S/129 para. 31.

  8. 8.

    Panel Report on EC—Programme of Minimum Import Prices, Licenses and Surety Deposits of Certain Processed Fruits and Vegetables, L/4687, Adopted on 18 October 1978, 25S/68, 99; Panel Report on Japan—Trade in Semiconductor, L/6309, Adopted on 4 May 1988, 35S/116.

  9. 9.

    India Quantitative Restrictions, supra note-5, para. 5.134, 5.135.

  10. 10.

    Appellate Body Report on Korea—Measures Affecting Imports of Fresh, Chilled and Frozen Beef, WT/DS161/AB/R, WT/DS/69/AB/R, para. 751.

  11. 11.

    Report of the Working Party on Italian Restrictions Affecting Imports from the USA and Certain Other Countries, L/1468, Adopted on 16 May, 1961, 10S/117; Panel Report on Canada—Import, Distribution, and Sale of Alcoholic Drinks by Canadian Provincial Marketing Agencies, L/6304, Adopted on 22 March 1988; Panel Report on Japan—Restrictions on Imports of Certain Agricultural Products, L/6253, Adopted on 2 February 1988, 35S/163.

  12. 12.

    L/6503, Adopted on 7 November 1989, 36S/268, 301–302, para. 114–115.

  13. 13.

    Havana Reports, p. 88, para. 14.

  14. 14.

    Review of Working Party on QRs, L/332/Rev. I and Addenda, Adopted on 5 March 1955, 3S/170 189–190, para. 67.

  15. 15.

    EPCT/A/PV/19, p. 42.

  16. 16.

    Supra note 13, para. 16.

  17. 17.

    Panel Report on Canada—Import Restrictions on the Ice-cream and yoghurt, Adopted on 2 February 1988, 355/163, 227, paras. 5.1.3.7.

  18. 18.

    Panel Report on EEC—Programme of Minimum Import Prices, Licences and Surety Deposits for Certain Processed Fruits and Vegetables, L/4687, Adopted on 18 October 1978, 25S/68 101, para. 4.12.

  19. 19.

    Panel Report on Canada—Import Restrictions on Ice-cream and Yoghurt, L/6568, Adopted on 5 December 1989.

  20. 20.

    Panel Report on Japan—Restriction on Imports of certain Agricultural Products, L/6263, Adopted on 2 February 1988, 36S/163, 225 para. 5.1.3.4.

  21. 21.

    Panel Report on Japan—Restriction on Imports of certain Agricultural Products, L/6263, Adopted on 2 February 1988, 36S/163, 225 para. 5.1.3.4.

  22. 22.

    Panel Report on Thailand—Restriction on Importation and Internal Taxes on Cigarettes, DS10/R Adopted on 7 November 1990, 37S/200, 222, para. 70.

  23. 23.

    Ibid.

  24. 24.

    Panel Report on EEC Restriction on Imports of Dessert Apples—Complaint by Chile and EEC Restriction on Import of Apples—Complaint by the USA, L/6491 and L/6513, Adopted on June 1989, 36S/93 and 36/135, para. 12–10 and 5–10.

  25. 25.

    G/MA/M/10, para. 3, For the text of the Format, see G/Ma/NTM/QR/2.

  26. 26.

    Nothing in this understanding is intended to modify the rights and obligations of Members under Article XII or XVIII: B of GATT 1994. The provisions of Article XXII and XXIII of GATT 1994 as elaborated and applied by the Dispute Settlement Understanding can be invoked with respect to any matter arising from the application of restrictive import measures taken for balance-of-payments purposes.

  27. 27.

    John H. Jackson, World Trade and the Law of GATT 673–716 (1969).

  28. 28.

    Ibid.

  29. 29.

    John H. Jackson, supra note, 27, 714.

  30. 30.

    Ibid.

  31. 31.

    Article XII: 3.

  32. 32.

    Article XII: 3(d) 61. Article XII: 3(a).

  33. 33.

    Article XII: 3(a).

  34. 34.

    Article XII: 4(h).

  35. 35.

    Ibid.

  36. 36.

    Ibid.

  37. 37.

    Article XII: 5.

  38. 38.

    Analytical Index, Guide to GATT, LAW and Practice, Geneva 364–370 (1995).

  39. 39.

    L/3573 Adopted on 16 Sept 1971, 18S/212, 222–223, para. 41.

  40. 40.

    Declaration of Trade Measures Taken for Balance-of-Payments Purposes, GATT BISD, 26th suppl. 205 (1980).

  41. 41.

    EEC-Regime for the Importation, Sale and Distribution of Bananas, Appellate Body Report, WT/DS27/AB/R, DSR 1997: II, para. 190.

  42. 42.

    Panel Report on Norway—Restrictions on Imports of Certain Textile Products, L/4959, Adopted on 18 June 1980 27S/119, 125 para. 14.b.

  43. 43.

    Ibid.

  44. 44.

    EEC-Regime for the Importation, Sale and Distribution of Bananas, Appellate Body Report, WT/DS27/AB/R, DSR 1997: II, para. 7.73 and 7.76.

  45. 45.

    Ibid., para. 7.91–7.92.

  46. 46.

    L/6491, Adopted on 22 June 1989, 36S/93, 131–132. It found that EEC Commission Regulation 1040/88 constituted a backdated quota in respect of Chile, since although it published a quota share for Chile, it simultaneously declared that share to be filled and, in fact, continued the suspension of imports from Chile eight days before quotas were published. The EEC, therefore, had not observed the notification requirements of Article XIII: 3(b) and (c).

  47. 47.

    See generally, Tokyo Round of MTN, 2 MIN(73)1, Declaration of Ministers Approved at Tokyo on 14 September 1973, 20s/19, 22, para. 7.

  48. 48.

    See GATT Analytical Index, Guide to Law and Practice, VI: 431–434 (1995).

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  1. National University of Study and Research, Ranchi, India

    Autar Krishen Koul

  2. National Law University, Jodhpur, India

    Autar Krishen Koul

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Koul, A.K. (2018). General Elimination of Quantitative and Other Restrictions. In: Guide to the WTO and GATT. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2089-7_12

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