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Changing Dynamics of India–Bhutan Relations

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India in South Asia

Abstract

It is an inspiring task for the researchers’ to see how Bhutan is coping with the political and economic developments in India. The change in India’s foreign and economic policies and programmes due to the global developments has compelled Bhutan to relook at its approach towards India. Although Bhutan has successfully been able to garner benign global attention yet it is her relation with India that would have a catalytic role in defining Bhutans role in world politics.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Labh (1974), p. 183.

  2. 2.

    Das (1974), pp. 48–49.

  3. 3.

    Foreign Policy of India, Text of Documents: 1947–59 (New Delhi: December 1959), pp. 15–20.

  4. 4.

    Singh (1972), pp. 131–132.

  5. 5.

    Selected Works of Mao Tse Tung Vol. III (1954). London: Lawrence and Wishart, p. 72.

  6. 6.

    Kaul (1967), p. 247.

  7. 7.

    Gopal (1984), p. 176.

  8. 8.

    Ibid.

  9. 9.

    Kaul op. cit., p. 248.

  10. 10.

    Foreign Policy of India, Text of Documents, 1967–74 (New Delhi: 1964), p. 8.

  11. 11.

    Arora and Appadorai (1975), p. 81.

  12. 12.

    Rose (1977), p. 74. Also see Rose (1974), p. 194.

  13. 13.

    Ibid., p. 74.

  14. 14.

    Appadorai (1982), p. 548.

  15. 15.

    An interview with D. S. Soman (IPS), Internal Security Advisor to the King of Bhutan, from 1969 to 1974, who was eyewitness to many important events of Bhutan. Also see The New York Times (New York) 3 June 1974.

  16. 16.

    Rose, op. cit., p. 103.

  17. 17.

    Ibid.

  18. 18.

    Das, op. cit., p. 122.

  19. 19.

    Jigme Singye Wangchuk said this at an interview with Asia Week (Hong Kong) 27 September 1985, p. 47.

  20. 20.

    Rose, op. cit., p. 104.

  21. 21.

    Muni (1984a), p. 519.

  22. 22.

    The New York Times, 7 June 1974.

  23. 23.

    The Statesman, 13 November 1974.

  24. 24.

    Ibid.

  25. 25.

    The Times of India (New Delhi), 23 December 1974.

  26. 26.

    Ibid.

  27. 27.

    Hindustan Times, 14 August 1976.

  28. 28.

    Muni (1979), pp. 417–433.

  29. 29.

    Ibid., p. 418.

  30. 30.

    Deccan Chronicle (Bangalore), 28 August 1977.

  31. 31.

    Ibid.

  32. 32.

    Foreign Affairs Record, Vol. 22, No. 11, November 1977, p. 219; The Hindu (New Delhi) 23 November 1977.

  33. 33.

    The Hindu, 23 November 1977.

  34. 34.

    The Hindustan Times (New Delhi), 27 March 1978.

  35. 35.

    Ibid. Also see the Text of King of Bhutan’s Speech.

  36. 36.

    The Hindustan Times, 25 March 1978.

  37. 37.

    National Herald (New Delhi), 24 November 1978.

  38. 38.

    Ram (1980), p. 32.

  39. 39.

    An interview with Asia Week, 27 September 1985, p. 47.

  40. 40.

    The Times of India (Bombay), 11 September 1979.

  41. 41.

    The Patriot (New Delhi), 14 September 1979.

  42. 42.

    New Wave (New Delhi), 28 March 1982 and The Indian Express (New Delhi), 11 November 1982.

  43. 43.

    Ibid.

  44. 44.

    The Times of India, n. 110.

  45. 45.

    Ibid.

  46. 46.

    Kohli (1986), p. 149.

  47. 47.

    Muni (1984b).

  48. 48.

    Muni, The World Today, op. cit., pp. 515–516.

  49. 49.

    Muni (1984a), pp. 515–516.

  50. 50.

    Ibid.

  51. 51.

    Muni, n. 51.

  52. 52.

    Muni (1986), pp. 17–20.

  53. 53.

    Ibid.

  54. 54.

    Muni, n. 51.

  55. 55.

    The Kuensel, 2 May 1985.

  56. 56.

    Ram (1986), p. 28.

  57. 57.

    The Times of India (New Delhi), 15 May 1988.

  58. 58.

    The Kuensel, 4 June 1988.

  59. 59.

    Ibid.

  60. 60.

    The Times of India, (New Delhi), 15 May 1988.

  61. 61.

    Ibid.

  62. 62.

    The Kuensel, 1 September 1990.

  63. 63.

    Ibid.

  64. 64.

    Ibid.

  65. 65.

    Ibid.

  66. 66.

    The Kuensel, 10 August 1996, p. 17.

  67. 67.

    The Kuensel, 3 July 1993.

  68. 68.

    National Assembly Debates, The Kuensel, 10 August 1996, p. 17.

  69. 69.

    National Assembly Debates, The Kuensel, 9 August, 1997, p. 2.

  70. 70.

    Ibid.

  71. 71.

    Ibid.

  72. 72.

    Ibid.

  73. 73.

    The Kuensel, 16 September 1995.

  74. 74.

    The Kuensel, 9 August 1997.

  75. 75.

    Ibid.

  76. 76.

    The Kuensel, 16 September 1995.

  77. 77.

    “Bhutan-China Border Talks”, The People’s Review, 24–31 December 1998. Retrieved from https://www.yomari.com/p-review/1998/12/241298/bhut.html. Accessed on 21 January 1999.

  78. 78.

    The Kuensel, 25 September–1 October 1999, p. 1.

  79. 79.

    The Kuensel, 2 December 2000, p. 1.

  80. 80.

    The Kuensel, July 2001, p 1.

  81. 81.

    Retrieved from http:www.yomari.com/p-review/1998/12/241298/bhut.html. Accessed on 21 January 1999.

  82. 82.

    Ibid.

  83. 83.

    Ibid.

  84. 84.

    Ibid.

  85. 85.

    “National Assembly Debates”, The Kuensel, 9 August 1997, p. 2.

  86. 86.

    Ibid.

  87. 87.

    Ibid.

  88. 88.

    Ibid.

  89. 89.

    Ibid.

  90. 90.

    Ibid.

  91. 91.

    Ibid.

  92. 92.

    Correa (2001).

  93. 93.

    Quackenbush (2017).

  94. 94.

    Sharma (2014).

  95. 95.

    https://www.news18.com/news/politics/modi-bhutanese-song-695475.html.

  96. 96.

    (2018, 12 Februrary) ‘Time to reflect on Advancing Ties with Bhutan: Sushma’ The Times of India. Retrieved from https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/time-to-reflect-on-advancing-ties-with-bhutan-sushma/articleshow/63013005.cms. Accessed on 18 March 2018.

  97. 97.

    (2014, 23 June) ‘Stronger India will be better for Bhutan, SAARC nations: PM Narendra Modi’ Hindustan Times. Retrieved from https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/stronger-india-will-be-better-for-bhutan-saarc-nations-pm-narendra-modi/story-4NMHHGYWIFe31xugxBsK2O.html. Accessed on 18 March 2018.

  98. 98.

    Ibid.

  99. 99.

    (2018, 12 February) ‘Time to reflect on Advancing Ties with Bhutan: Sushma’ The Times of India. Retrieved from https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/time-to-reflect-on-advancing-ties-with-bhutan-sushma/articleshow/63013005.cms. Accessed on 18 March 2018.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for South Asian Studies, SIS, JNU, New Delhi, 110067, India

    Rajesh S. Kharat

  2. Sikkim Government College, Burtuk, Gangtok, Sikkim, 737101, India

    Chunku Bhutia

Authors
  1. Rajesh S. Kharat
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  2. Chunku Bhutia
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Correspondence to Rajesh S. Kharat .

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  1. Institute of South Asian Studies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

    Amit Ranjan

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Kharat, R.S., Bhutia, C. (2019). Changing Dynamics of India–Bhutan Relations. In: Ranjan, A. (eds) India in South Asia. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2020-0_3

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