Abstract
Jones draws on his research working with Muslim communities in Melbourne and Sydney to criticise Western governments’ approaches to violent extremism and to propose a new, community-led programme. He argues that the current focus in dealing with violent extremism is risk-based and police-led and thus lacks “real connection to what is happening on the ground”. Instead, Jones suggests a new ‘strength-based’ approach, which focusses on ability and potential, not problems and deficits. He adds that this approach would ideally be community-driven and would thus allow for greater inclusion of the individuals’ social circles. Jones concludes that making Muslim youth feel more incorporated within their societies is likely to stifle radicalisation and movement towards violent extremism.
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Notes
- 1.
For the purposes of this chapter, young people are defined as those aged 12–25 years. While the age range assigned to ‘young people’ differs, 12–25 years of age is commonly used in Australian youth policy to frame young people (Bell et al. 2008).
- 2.
The community-based participatory research can be defined as “a collaborative approach to research that equitably involves all partners in the research process and recognises the unique strengths that each brings. CBPR begins with a research topic of importance to the community and has the aim of combining knowledge with action and achieving social change” (Community Health Scholars Program).
- 3.
Centre for Child Well-being. 2011. Strengths-Based versus Deficit-Based Approaches. Mount Royal University, Canada.
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Chapin, R. 1995. Social policy development: the strengths perspective. Social Work, 40 (4): 506–514; Early, T. & GlenMaye, L. 2000. Valuing families: Social work practice with families from a strengths perspective. Social Work, 45 (2): 118–130; Saleebey, D. 1992. Conclusion: Possibilities and Problems with the Strengths Perspective, in the strengths perspective in social work practice, (ed.) D. Saleebey, New York: Longman; Weick, A., Rapp, C., Sullivan, W.P. and Kisthardt, W. 1989. A strengths perspective for social work practice. Social Work, 34 (4): 350–354.
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Centre for Child Well-being. 2011. Strengths-Based versus Deficit-Based Approaches. Mount Royal University, Canada.
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Eating, H. 2005. The adolescent brain: Beyond raging hormones. Harvard Mental Health Letter. Harvard Medical School, July.
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Dahlberg, L.L. & Krug, E.G. 2002. Violence: a global public health problem. World Report on Violence and Health. Geneve: World Health Organization.
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Schmied, V. & Tully, L. 2009. Literature Review: Effective strategies and interventions for adolescents in a child protection context. Centre for Parenting & Research Service System Development Division NSW Department of Community Services; Williams, J., Toumbourou, J., Williamson, E., Hemphill, S. & Patton, G. 2009. Violent and antisocial behaviours among young adolescents in Australian communities: An analysis of risk and protective factors. Australian Research Alliance for Children and Youth.
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Resnicow, K., Baranowski, T., Ahluwalia, J.S. & Braithwaite, R.L. 1999. Cultural sensitivity in public health: defined and demystified. Ethnicity & Disease, 9(1): 10–21.
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Redman, D. 2010. A community engagement orientation among people with a history of substance misuse and incarceration. Journal of Social Work, 12(3): 246–266; Dempsey, S. 2010. Critiquing Community Engagement. Management Communication Quarterly, 24(3): 359–390.
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Department of Health and Human Services USA. 2011. Principle of Community Engagement Second Edition. Clinical and Translational Science Awards Consortium Community Engagement Key Function Committee Task Force on the Principles of Community Engagement.
- 13.
Ibid.
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Richardson, R. 2013. Fighting fire with fire Target audience responses to online anti-violence campaigns. Australian Strategic Policy Institute, December.
- 15.
Pantazis, C. & Pemberton, S. 2009. From the ‘Old’ to the ‘New’ Suspect Community. British Journal of Criminology, 49 (5): 646–666.
- 16.
Ibid.
- 17.
Lyons-Padilla, S., Gelfand, M.J., Mirahmadi, H., Farooq, M., & van Egmond, M. 2015. Belonging nowhere: Marginalization & radicalisation risk among Muslim immigrants. Behavioral Science & Policy, 1(2): 1–12.
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Lyons-Padilla, S. 2016. I’ve studied radicalisation – and Islamophobia often plants the seed. The Guardian, 14 June.
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Jones, C. (2019). Effective Community Engagement: Back to the Basics to Counter Violent Extremism and Other Youth Crimes. In: Jayakumar, S. (eds) Terrorism, Radicalisation & Countering Violent Extremism. Palgrave Pivot, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1999-0_3
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