Abstract
Evironmental pollution is a major public health concern due to the detrimental effects of pollutants to humans and to other living organisms. Chemical and physical methods of remediation are expensive and do not result in complete removal of pollutants. Moreover, both methods may lead to more pollution and site disruption, thus impacting negatively to humans and other biota in the immediate vicinity of the polluted site. Therefore, chemical and physical methods of remediation are not considered eco-sustainable. Unlike these methods, bioremediation, which relies on biological processes (mediated by different groups of living organisms), results in the permanent removal of pollutants. This chapter covers: the eco-sustainable features of bioremediation, pollutants that are susceptible to bioremediation, groups of organisms that play significant roles in bioremediation, and advantages of bioremediation. Furthermore, it highlighted some limitations of bioremediation and ways of overcoming the limitations. Together, the advantages of bioremediation techniques notably its cost-effectiveness at different scales of operation, the simplicity of operation, process monitoring, and its less destructive features to polluted sites during operation are amongst the features that make bioremediation an eco-sustainable technology for environmental management.
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The authors are thankful to Dr. (Mrs.) Okeke-Ogbuafor NA, School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Marine Science and Technology, Newcastle University, United Kingdom, for proofreading of this chapter.
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Azubuike, C.C., Chikere, C.B., Okpokwasili, G.C. (2020). Bioremediation: An Eco-friendly Sustainable Technology for Environmental Management. In: Saxena, G., Bharagava, R. (eds) Bioremediation of Industrial Waste for Environmental Safety. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1891-7_2
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