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Organophosphate Pesticides: Impact on Environment, Toxicity, and Their Degradation

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Bioremediation of Industrial Waste for Environmental Safety

Abstract

Organophosphate pesticides are extensively used for the control of weeds, diseases, and pests of crops. Hence, these insecticides persist in the environs and thereby cause severe pollution problems. Synthetic pesticides including organophosphates insecticides are found to be toxic and/or hazardous to a variety of organisms like living soil biota along with valuable arthropods, fish, birds, human beings, animals, and plants. Organophosphate pesticides might be decontaminated quickly through hydrolysis on exposure to biosphere, which are responsible to be significantly influenced by abiotic and/or biotic factors. The bacterial cultures isolated from various places are the major entities in the environment with a unique capability to break down different organophosphate pesticides for their growth. Additionally, a potential engineered strain(s) application for the bioremediation of organophosphate(s) is of great interest. In the current chapter, the published information on organophosphates impact on environment, toxic effects, and the available results of their degradation are discussed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka, India

    Sikandar I. Mulla, Manjunatha P. Talwar & Harichandra Z. Ninnekar

  2. CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China

    Sikandar I. Mulla & Syed Ali Musstjab Akber Shah Eqani

  3. Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Fuad Ameen

  4. Laboratory of Bioremediation and Metagenomics Research (LBMR), Department of Microbiology (DM), Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Ram Naresh Bharagava & Gaurav Saxena

  5. Government Arts and Science College, Karwar, Uttara Kannada, Karnataka, India

    Preeti N. Tallur

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  1. Sikandar I. Mulla
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  1. Laboratory of Bioremediation and Metagenomics Research (LBMR), Department of Microbiology (DM), Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Gaurav Saxena

  2. Laboratory of Bioremediation and Metagenomics Research (LBMR), Department of Microbiology (DM), Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Ram Naresh Bharagava

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Mulla, S.I. et al. (2020). Organophosphate Pesticides: Impact on Environment, Toxicity, and Their Degradation. In: Saxena, G., Bharagava, R. (eds) Bioremediation of Industrial Waste for Environmental Safety. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1891-7_13

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