Skip to main content

Effect of Carbon Nano Tubes (CNT) on Hardness of Polypropylene Matrix

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Advances in Materials and Metallurgy

Abstract

Hardness is an important mechanical property which determines the applicability of polymer composites. Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) invented by Iijima by arc-discharge technique. It possesses some unique properties like Young’s modulus, the values varies from 0.42 to 4.15 TPa, tensile strength of 1 TPa, density varies between 1.3 and 3 g/cm3 which is comparatively lower than commercial carbon fibers. This makes CNT as a potential reinforcement with metal and polymers for enhancement of properties. This work describes about preparation of PP-CNT composites with different ratios. Hardness of the composites were measured using Nanoindentation method and found that hardness of the PP-CNT system increases significantly with the increase of CNT proportion in the PP matrix.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Ashok Gandhi R, Palani Kumar K, Raghunath BK, Paulo Davim J (2013) Role of carbon nano tubes (CNT’s) in improving wear properties of polypropylene (PP) in dry sliding condition. Mater Des 48:52–57

    Google Scholar 

  2. Tu ZC, Ou-yang ZC (2002) Single-walled and multiwalled carbon nanotubes viewed as elastic tubes with effective Young’s moduli dependent on layer number. Phys Rev B 65:233–407

    Google Scholar 

  3. Belytschko T, Xiao SP, Schatz GC, Ruoff RS (2002) Atomistic simulations of nanotube fracture. Phys Rev B 65(23):235430

    Google Scholar 

  4. Maiti A, Svizhenko A, Anantram MP (2002) Electronic transport through carbon nanotubes: effects of structural deformation and tube chirality. Phys Rev Lett 88(12):126–135, 235–430

    Google Scholar 

  5. Bauhofer W, Kovacs JZ (2009) A review and analysis of electrical percolation in carbon nanotube polymer composites. Compos Sci Technol 69:1486–1498

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Kashiwagi T, Grulke E, Hilding J, Groth K, Harris R, Butler K (2004) Thermal and flammability properties of polypropylene/carbon nanotube nanocomposites. Polymer 45:4227–4239

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Hou ZC, Wang K, Zhao P, Zhang Q, Yang CY, Chen DQ, Du RN, Fu Q (2008) Structural orientation and tensile behaviour in the extrusion-stretched sheets of polypropylene/multi-walled carbon nanotubes composite. Polymer 49:3582–3589

    Google Scholar 

  8. Pujari S, Ramanathan T, Kasimatis K, Masuda J, Andrews R, Torkelson JM, Brinson LC, Burghardt WR (2009) Preparation and characterization of multi-walled carbon nanotube dispersions in polypropylene: melt mixing versus solid-state shear pulverization. J Polym Sci Polym Phys 47:1426–1436

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Wu DF, Sun YR, Zhang M (2009) Kinetics study on melt compounding of carbon nanotube/polypropylene nanocomposites. J Polym Sci Polym Phys 47:608–618

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Choi ES, Brooks JS, Eaton DL, Al-Haik MS, Hussaini MY, Garmestani H, Li D, Dahmen K (2003) Enhancement of thermal and electrical properties of carbon nanotube polymer composites by magnetic field processing. J Appl Phys 94:6034–6049

    Google Scholar 

  11. Pradhan NR, Iannacchione GS (2010) Thermal properties and glass transition in PMMA+SWCNT composites. J Phys D Appl Phys 43:342–344

    Google Scholar 

  12. Lopez Manchado MA, Valentini L, Biagiotti J, Kenny JM (2005) Thermal and mechanical properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes–polypropylene composites prepared by melt processing. Carbon 43:1499–1505

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Kanagaraj S (2007) Mechanical properties of high density polyethylene/carbon nanotube composites. Compos Sci Technol 67:3071–3077

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Lau KT, Hui D (2002) Effectiveness of using carbon nanotubes as nano-reinforcements for advanced composite structure. Carbon 40:1605–1606

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to R. Ashok Gandhi .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Ashok Gandhi, R., Jayaseelan, V., Palani Kumar, K., Raghunath, B.K., Krishnaraj, S. (2019). Effect of Carbon Nano Tubes (CNT) on Hardness of Polypropylene Matrix. In: Lakshminarayanan, A., Idapalapati, S., Vasudevan, M. (eds) Advances in Materials and Metallurgy. Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1780-4_26

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1780-4_26

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-13-1779-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-13-1780-4

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics