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Non-Hermitian Effects Due to Asymmetric Backscattering of Light in Whispering-Gallery Microcavities

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Parity-time Symmetry and Its Applications

Part of the book series: Springer Tracts in Modern Physics ((STMP,volume 280))

Abstract

A whispering-gallery microcavity is an open optical system which supports well confined counterpropagating electromagnetic waves. Deforming the boundary of the cavity or perturbing it by other means, e.g. by placing small scatterers near the boundary, leads to coherent backscattering of these waves inside the cavity. In general, this backscattering is asymmetric, i.e. the strength of scattering from the clockwise to the counterclockwise propagation direction is different from the other way around. This asymmetry is intrinsically tied to the non-Hermiticity of the system including the nonorthogonality of mode pairs and the coalescence of modes at exceptional points. We review and present new results on asymmetric backscattering with emphasis on its non-Hermitian effects. Several types of perturbed whispering-gallery cavities are considered. Different applications, such as single-particle detection with enhanced sensitivity, are discussed.

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Acknowledgements

I would like to thank J. Kullig for carefully reading the manuscript, W. Chen and L. Yang for providing Figs. 1a, 9, 10, 12b and L. Feng for providing Fig. 1c. Financial support by the DFG (project WI1986/6-1) is also acknowledged.

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  1. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany

    Jan Wiersig

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  1. College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA

    Demetrios Christodoulides

  2. Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA

    Jianke Yang

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Wiersig, J. (2018). Non-Hermitian Effects Due to Asymmetric Backscattering of Light in Whispering-Gallery Microcavities. In: Christodoulides, D., Yang, J. (eds) Parity-time Symmetry and Its Applications. Springer Tracts in Modern Physics, vol 280. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1247-2_6

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