Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Direction of Digital IT and Enterprise Architecture

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Enterprise Architecture for Global Companies in a Digital IT Era

Abstract

This chapter explains the direction of Digital IT such as Cloud/Mobile IT, Big Data, and Internet of Things. This chapter introduces and briefs EA frameworks such as TOGAF, FEAF, DoDAF, MODAF, Adaptive EA, and EA3 Cube framework and analyzes the selected EA frameworks from standpoints of Cloud/Mobile IT integration, as well. Furthermore, this chapter briefs Agile Enterprise Architecture, introduces the primary scaling agile frameworks, and compares them. In the latter of this chapter, we investigated problems in Digital Transformation and related enterprise architecture, and we show solutions to cope with these problems in Digital Transformation and enterprise architecture. In later chapters, we will show the strategic architecture framework aligned with Digital IT strategies on the basis of the above solutions.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 69.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 89.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Abrahamsson, P., Salo, O., Ronkainen, J., & Warsta, J. (2002). Agile software development methods: review and analysis (VTT Technical Report, Technical Report) (Definite version).

    Google Scholar 

  • Abrahamsson, P., Salo, O., Ronkainen, J., & Warsta, J. (2017). Agile software development methods: review and analysis (VTT Technical Report, Technical Report) (Definite version).

    Google Scholar 

  • Alwadain, A., Fielt, E., Korthaus, A., & Rosemann, M. (2014). A comparative analysis of the integration of SOA elements in widely-used enterprise architecture frameworks. International Journal of Intelligent Information Technologies, 9(2), 54–70.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alwadain, A., Korthaus, A., Fielt, E., & Rosemann, M. (2010). Integrating SOA into an enterprise architecture: A comparative analysis of alternative approaches. In The Fifth IFIP International Conference on Research and Practical Issues of Enterprise Information Systems.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alzoubi, Y. I., Gill, A. Q., Ai-Ani, A. (2015). Distributed agile development communication: an agile architecture driven framework. Journal of Software, 10(6), 681–694.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ambler, S., & Lines, M. (2012). Disciplined agile delivery: A practitioner’s guide to agile software delivery in the enterprise. IBM Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ambler, S., & Lines, M. (2013). Going beyond scrum disciplined agile delivery (Disciplined Agile Consortium, Technical Report).

    Google Scholar 

  • Ambler, S., & Lines, M. (2014). Scaling agile software development: Disciplined agility at scale (Disciplined Agile Consortium, Technical Report).

    Google Scholar 

  • Ambler, S., & Lines, M. (2016). The disciplined agile process decision framework. In International Conference on Software Quality (pp. 3–14). Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ambler, S., & Lines, M. (2016). Scaling agile software development tactically: Disciplined agile delivery at scale (Disciplined Agile Consortium, Technical Report).

    Google Scholar 

  • Ngu, A. H., Gutierrez, M., Metsis, V., Nepal, S., & Sheng, Q. Z. (2017). IoT middleware: A survey on issues and enabling technologies. IEEE Internet Things Journal, 4(1), 1–20.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Agile Business Consortium. (2014). The DSDM agile project framework handbook. Agile Business Consortium.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bernard, S. (2006). Using enterprise architecture to integrate strategic, business, and technology planning. Journal of Enterprise Architecture.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bernard, S. (2012). An introduction to enterprise architecture (3rd ed.). Bloomington, IL: AuthorHouse. ISBN 978–1-4772-5800-2 (sc), 978-1-4772-5801-9 (e).

    Google Scholar 

  • Boardman, S., & KPN. (2015). Open group snapshot—open platform 3.0â„¢. The Open Group.

    Google Scholar 

  • Buckl, S., Ernst, A. M., Matthes, F., Ramacher, R., & Schweda, C. M. (2009). Using enterprise architecture management patterns to complement TOGAF. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference (pp. 34–41). https://doi.org/10.1109/edoc.2009.30

  • Buckl, S., Matthes, F., Monahov, I., Roth, S., Schulz, C., & Schweda, C. M. (2011). Towards an agile design of the enterprise architecture management function. In Proceedings of Computing Conference Workshops 15th IEEE International the Enterprise Distributed Object.

    Google Scholar 

  • Buckl, S., Matthes, F., Schulz, C., & Schweda, C. M. (2010). Exemplifying a framework for interrelating enterprise architecture concerns. In M. A. Sicilia, C. Kop & F. Sartori (Eds.), Ontology, conceptualization and epistemology for information systems, software engineering and service science (Vol. 62, pp. 33–46). Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, Germany. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16496-5_3.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Cameron, B. H., & McMillan E. (2013). Analyzing the current trends in enterprise architecture frameworks. Journal of Enterprise Architecture.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chappelle, D. (2013). Big data & analytics reference Architecture, Oracle Corporation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen, H., Kazman, R., & Perry, O. (2010). From software architecture analysis to service engineering: An empirical study of methodology development for enterprise SOA implementation. IEEE Transactions on Services Computing, 3(2), 145–160. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSC.2010.21.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chief Information Officer Council. (2001). A practical guide to federal enterprise architecture, Retrieved from http://www.gao.gov/bestpractices/bpeaguide.pdf.

  • Craig Larman, B. V. (2013). Scaling agile development. CrossTalk, 8–12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ebert, C., Paasivaara, M. (2017). Scaling agile (pp. 2–7). IEEE Software Technology, the IEEE Computer Society.

    Google Scholar 

  • Familiar, B. (2015). Microservices, IoT, and Azure: Leveraging DevOps and microservice architecture to deliver SaaS solutions. Apress Media, LLC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Federal CIO Council. (2008). A practical guide to federal service oriented architecture. Version 1.1.

    Google Scholar 

  • Federal Enterprise Architecture Framework. (2013). Version 2.

    Google Scholar 

  • Franke, U., Hook, D., Konig, J., Lagerstrom, R., Narman, P., Ullberg, J., Gustafsson, P., & Ekstedt, M. (2009). EAF2—a framework for categorizing enterprise architecture frameworks. In Proceedings of the 10th ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligences, Networking and Parallel/Distributed Computing (pp. 327–332). IEEE Computer Society.

    Google Scholar 

  • Garnier, J.-L., Bérubé, J., & M. R. Hilliard. (2014). Architecture Guidance Study Report 140430. ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 7 Software and Systems Engineering.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gill, A. Q. (2013). Towards the Development of an Adaptive Enterprise Service System Model. In Proceedings of the 19th Americas Conference on Information Systems (AMCIS 2013) (pp. 15–17).

    Google Scholar 

  • Gill, A. Q. (2014). Applying agility and living service systems thinking to enterprise architecture. International Journal of Intelligent Information Technologies, 10(1), 1–15.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gill, A. Q. (2015). Adaptive cloud enterprise architecture. Intelligent information systems (Vol. 4). Australia: University of Technology.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gill, A. Q., Smith, S., Beydoun, G., & Sugumaran, V. (2014). Agile enterprise architecture: A case of a cloud technology-enabled government enterprise transformation. In Proceedings of the 19th Pacific Asia Conference on Information Systems (PACIS 2014) (pp. 1–11). United States.

    Google Scholar 

  • GSN. (2018). Retrieved from http://lsir.epfl.ch/research/current/gsn/.

  • Hydra. (2017). Retrieved from http://www.hydramiddleware.eu/news.php.

  • Iacob M. E. et al. (2015). Delivering business outcome with TOGAF® and ArchiMate®. eBook BiZZde-sign.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, P., et al. (2014). IT management with enterprise architecture. Stockholm: KTH.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kein, J., Buglak, R., Blockow, D., & Wuttke, T. (2016). A reference architecture for big data systems in the national security domain. In The 2nd International Workshop on Big Data Software Engineering.

    Google Scholar 

  • Khan, K. M., & Gangavarapu, N. M. (2009). Addressing cloud computing in enterprise architecture: Issues and challenges. Cutter IT Journal, 22(11), 27–33.

    Google Scholar 

  • Laplante, A., Zhang, J., & Voas, J. (2008). What’s in a name? Distinguishing between SaaS and SOA. IT Professional, 10(3), 46–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Larman, C., & Vodde, B. (2013). Large scale scrum—more with LeSS. Retrieved December 30, 2014 from http://agileatlas.org/articles/item/large-scale-scrum-more-with-less. Accessed June 10, 2014.

  • Leffingwell, D. (2007). Scaling software agility: best practices for large enterprises (The agile software development series). Addison-Wesley Professional.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leffingwell, C., Yakyma, A., Knaster, R., Jemilo, D., & Oren, I. (2016). SAFe 4.0 reference guide: Scaled agile framework R for lean software and systems engineering. Addison-Wesley Professional.

    Google Scholar 

  • Loukides, M., & Bruner, J. (2015). What is the internet of things? (1st ed.) O’Reilly Media.

    Google Scholar 

  • MacKenzie, C.M., Laskey, K., McCabe, F., Brown, P.F., & Metz, R. (2006). Reference model for service oriented architecture 1.0 (Technical Report). Advancing Open Standards for the Information Society.

    Google Scholar 

  • March, J., & Olson, J. (1989). Rediscovering institutions. New York: MacMillan, Free Press. ISBN 0-02-920115-2

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, J. (1986). Information engineering. Savant. ISBN 0-9067-7443-8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Masuda, Y., Shirasaka, S., & Yamamoto, S. (2016). Integrating mobile IT/cloud into enterprise architecture: A comparative analysis. In Proceedings of the 21th Pacific Asia Conference on Information Systems (PACIS 2016) (p. 4).

    Google Scholar 

  • Masuda, Y., Shirasaka, S., Yamamoto, S., & Hardjono, T. (2017). 7 1. An adaptive enterprise architecture framework and implementation: towards global enterprises in the era of cloud/mobile IT/digital IT. International Journal of Enterprise Information Systems. IGI Global, 13, 3, 1–22. https://doi.org/10.4018/ijeis.2017070101.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Masuda, Y., & Yamamoto, S. (2018). A vision for open healthcare platform 2030: KES 2018. In The 6th International KES Conference on Innovation in Medicine and Healthcare (KES-InMed-18).

    Google Scholar 

  • Microsoft. (2012). Microsoft big data solution brief. Retrieved from http://download.microsoft.com/ download/F/A/1/FA126D6D-841B-4565-BB26-D2ADD4A28F24/Microsoft_Big_Data_Solution_Brief.pdf.

  • Muhammad, K., & Khan, M. N. A. (2015). Augmenting mobile cloud computing through enterprise architecture: Survey paper. International Journal of Grid Distribution Computing, 8(3), 323–336.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Mysore, D., Khupat, S., & Jain, S. (2013). Big data architecture and patterns. In White Paper. IBM

    Google Scholar 

  • Newman, S. (2015). Building microservices. O’Reilly.

    Google Scholar 

  • Node-RED. (2016). Retrieved from https://developer.ibm.com/recipes/tutorials/getting-started-with-watson-iot-platform-using-node-red/.

  • OpenIot. (2018). Retrieved from https://github.com/OpenIotOrg/openiot/wiki.

  • Oracle. (2014). Information management and big data. In White Paper. Retrieved from http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/bigdataappliance/overview/bigdatarefarchitecture-2297765.pdf

  • Pääkkönen, P., & Pakkala, D. (2015). Reference architecture and classification of technologies, products and services for big data systems. In Big data research. Elsevier.

    Google Scholar 

  • Patel, P., & Cassou, D. (2015). Enabling high-level application development for the internet of things. Journal of Systems and Software. CoRR abs/1501.05080.

    Google Scholar 

  • Persson, P., & Angelsmark, O. (2015). Calvin—merging cloud and IoT. Retrieved from https://www.ericsson.com/assets/local/publications/conference-papers/calvin-open-access.pdf.

  • Ptolemy. (2017). Retrieved from https://ptolemy.eecs.berkeley.edu/.

  • Richards, M. (2015). Microservices versus service-oriented architecture (1st ed.). O’Reilly Media.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ross, J.W., Weill, P., & Robertson, D.C. (2006). Enterprise Architecture as strategy—Creating a Foundation for Business Execution, Harvard Business Review Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schwaber, K. (1995). Scrum development process. In OOPSLA’95 Workshop on Business Object Design and Implementation. Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schwaber, K., & Beedle, M. (2002). Agile software development with scrum. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Sessions, R. (2007). A comparison of the top four enterprise-architecture methodologies. Microsoft. Retrieved May 2007 from https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb466232.aspx.

  • Takeuchi, H., & Nonaka, I. (1986). The new product development game. Harvard Business Review January/February, 137–146.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tamm, T., Seddon, P. B., Shanks, G., & Reynolds, P. (2011). How does enterprise architecture add value to organisations? Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 28(1), 10.

    Google Scholar 

  • UludaÄŸ, Ö., Kleehaus, M., Xu, X., & Matthes, F. (2017). Investigating the role of architects in scaling agile frameworks.

    Google Scholar 

  • The Open Group. (2009). Content metamodel. Retrieved October 15, 2010 from http://www.open-group.org/architecture/togaf9-doc/arch/chap34.html.

  • The Open Group. (2012). Archimate 2.0 specification. Van Haren Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • The Open Group. (2011a). Architecture capability framework. Retrieved from http://pubs.opengroup.org/architecture/togaf9-doc/arch/index.html.

  • The Open Group. (2011b). TOGAF version 9.1. Van Haren Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • TOGAF® Version 9.1. (2011). An Open Group standard. Retrieved from www.opengroup.org/togaf.

  • UK Ministry of Defence. (2010a). MOD architecture framework (MODAF). Retrieved October 22, 2010, from http://www.mod.uk/DefenceInternet/AboutDefence/WhatWeDo/InformationManagement/MODAF/ModafDetailedGuidance.htm.

  • UK Ministry of Defence. (2010b). The MODAF service oriented viewpoint. Retrieved October 24, 2010, from http://www.mod.uk/DefenceInternet/AboutDefence/CorporatePublications/InformationManagement/MODAF/TheServiceOrientedViewpointsov.htm.

  • US Department of Commerce. (2015). NIST big data interoperability framework: Reference architecture version 1.

    Google Scholar 

  • US Department of Defense. (2009). DoD architecture framework version 2.0. Retrieved October 20, 2010, from http://cio-nii.defense.gov/sites/dodaf20/.

  • Vaidya, A. (2014). Does DAD know best, is it better to do LeSS or just be SAFe? Adapting scaling agile practices into the enterprise. In PNSQC 2014 Proceedings.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walsh, K.-A. (2012). The deal—from geeks to gurus. The Australian Business Journal.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weill, P., & Ross, J. W. (2004). IT governance: how top performers manage it decision rights for superior results. Harvard Business School Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weick, K. (1995). Sensemaking in organizations. London: Sage Publications.

    Google Scholar 

  • WSO2. (2015). In White Paper: A Reference Architecture for the Internet of Things, Version 0.8.0. Retrieved from http://wso2.com.

  • Yamamoto, S., Masuda, Y., & Hayashi, M. (2017). Issues on the IoT service platform reference architecture. In Research Meeting on KSN, Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zachman, J. A. (1987). A framework for information systems architecture. IBM Systems Journal, 26(3), 454–470. https://doi.org/10.1147/sj.263.0276.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zachman, J. A. (2011). Cloud computing and enterprise architecture. Zachman International, Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zimmermann, A., Schmidt, R., Sandkuhl, K., & Jugel, D. (2015). Digital enterprise architecture—transformation for the internet of things. In Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Workshop (EDOCW), IEEE 19th International.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Keio University, Tokyo, Japan

    Yoshimasa Masuda

  2. Carnegie Mellon University in Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia

    Yoshimasa Masuda & Murlikrishna Viswanathan

Authors
  1. Yoshimasa Masuda
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Murlikrishna Viswanathan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yoshimasa Masuda .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Masuda, Y., Viswanathan, M. (2019). Direction of Digital IT and Enterprise Architecture. In: Enterprise Architecture for Global Companies in a Digital IT Era. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1083-6_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1083-6_2

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-13-1082-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-13-1083-6

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation