Research of GNSS Spoofer Localization Using Information Fusion Based on Particle Filter

Abstract

A spoofer localization algorithm using information fusion based on the particle filter (PF) is proposed. There are many researches about the jammer localization, but less researches about the spoofer localization. The jamming signal, whose structure is unknown to us, usually is above the thermal noise. According to the effect of jamming signal bandwidth on the measuring of time and frequency, we cannot obtain the precise measurements of TDOA and FDOA simultaneously. Thus, we usually cannot implement the information fusion of time and frequency in the jammer localization. Besides, we cannot locate the spoofer directly with the method of jammer localization, because the spoofing signal is usually below the noise. However, we can obtain the precise measurements of time and frequency of the spoofing signal at the same time because the spoofing signal needs to disguise as the true GNSS signal. Based on this, we propose a localization algorithm using the information fusion of TDOA and FDOA. We couple the position and velocity together by the PF, which will not introduce the linearization error. By the analysis of the CRLB, we find the information fusion can improve the system performance. To verify the algorithm, we simulate and analyze the results of PF and the weighted least squares (WLS). Compared to the WLS without information fusion, the PF has a better performance of locating and tracking, which can work properly under the circumstances where the spatial layout is poor, the number of base stations is small and the measuring errors are large.