Abstract
When an unsuitable soil is come across in areas with limited resources, engineers must add transportation cost to the overall cost if a suitable soil has to be hauled from a long distance. In such instances, improvement of the existing soils with locally available materials would be the most beneficial solution. Most of the rural roads in Sri Lanka are now under a phase lift although with lot of constraints. Road Development Authority is practicing a guideline developed consisting of the grading of soil, Atterberg limits, Proctor density and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) to select a suitable subgrade material. However, in most of the cases, soils are rejected due to low CBR, although the other conditions are satisfactory. This study discusses the improvements of such rejected soils from distinct places of Sri Lanka with quarry dust, lime stone dust, paddy husk ash, fly ash and copper slag. Basic soil tests such as particle size analysis, Atterberg limits, Proctor compaction and CBR tests were conducted on unimproved and improved soils. A considerable increase in the CBR (in the range of 10–20 times) was observed with the addition of industrial byproducts to improve rejected soils. Mixing is proposed with a traditional conveyor belt mechanism. Use of industrial byproducts in the infrastructure development is to be encouraged with the objective in preserving environment by reducing utilization of new resources and excessive dumping of by products to the environment.
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Acknowledgement
Staff members at Soil Mechanics Laboratory, University of Moratuwa, Engineers in the regional offices of the Road Development Authority, Sri Lanka and KDA Weerasinghe Co. (Pvt) Ltd. are acknowledged for allowing the authors to carry out this research.
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Nawagamuwa, U.P., Shamil Shabry, A.G., Ainkaran, K., Prasad, D.L.S., Madushanka, H.K.P. (2018). Use of Industrial Byproducts to Improve Unsuitable Soils for Road Construction in Sri Lanka. In: Shi, X., Liu, Z., Liu, J. (eds) Proceedings of GeoShanghai 2018 International Conference: Transportation Geotechnics and Pavement Engineering. GSIC 2018. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0011-0_32
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