Abstract
Smartphone use has become our daily habit. However, we are unfamiliar with how people use their smartphone and its development. This study aims to understand the change of smartphone use over a year, which developed a tailor-made smartphone app by new data collection method. It provided an alternative platform for a mass number of researchers to simply observe and record smartphone use of the public. A longitudinal study could be conducted using the data collected to compare the changes of patterns of smartphone use. Three stages of data collection were conducted in summer 2016 (1265 data set), winter 2017 (3780 data set), and summer 2017 (3883 data set) in Hong Kong. The results showed that significant relationships were found between smartphone use and gender, and between smartphone use and weekday. The trend of smartphone use from 2016 to 2017 was discussed, including the increasing domination of instant message, the important role of audio function, the augmentation of female’s social networking behavior, and the diversifying communication pattern during weekend. The study suggests sharing the raw data for every researcher to analyze in their own way.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Arreymbi, J., & Draganova, C. (2010). User requirements analysis for use of mobile phones in learning and teaching. At The Interface/Probing The Boundaries, 72(1), 221–239.
Bae, S. (2017). The relationship between the type of smartphone use and smartphone dependence of Korean adolescents: National survey study. Children and Youth Services Review, 81, 207–211.
Benjamin, R. A. (2016). The pedagogical perspectives of mobile learning. Language in India, 16(7), 159–168.
Brett, D. (2011). Developments in the use of mobile devices for second and foreign language learning. The Journal of Linguistic and Intercultural Education, 4, 23–36.
Brown, T. H. (2005). Towards a model for m-learning in Africa. International Journal on ELearning, 4(3), 299.
Carroll, A., & Heiser, G. (2010). An analysis of power consumption in a smartphone. Retrieved from https://www.usenix.org/legacy/event/usenix10/tech/full_papers/Carroll.pdf.
Census and Statistics Department. (2017). Thematic household survey report no. 62 – information technology usage and penetration. Hong Kong, Hong Kong: Census and Statistics Department.
Cho, J. (2015). Roles of smartphone app use in improving social capital and reducing social isolation. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, 18(6), 350–355.
Chow, T. C. L., & Ma, W. W. K. (2017). Do we really know what people are using their smartphone for? In F. L. Wang, W. W. K. Ma, O. Au, & R. Miao (Eds.), 2016 international symposium on educational technology (ISET 2016) (pp. 34–38). Los Alamitos, CA: IEEE Computer Society.
Daft, R. L., & Lengel, R. H. (1986). Organizational information requirements, media richness and structural design. Management Science, 32(5), 554–571.
Dang, T. H. (2013). Towards the use of mobile phones for learning English as a foreign language: Hesitation or welcome? Language In India, 13(10), 474–485.
Falaki, H., Mahajan, R., Kandula, S., Lymberopoulos, D., Govindan, R., & Estrin, D. (2010). Diversity in smartphone usage. In Proceedings of the 8th international conference on mobile systems, applications, and services (pp. 179–194). ACM.
Fullwood, C., Quinn, S., Kaye, L. K., & Redding, C. (2017). My virtual friend: A qualitative analysis of the attitudes and experiences of smartphone users: Implications for smartphone attachment. Computers in Human Behavior, 75, 347–355.
Grant, M. M., & Hsu, Y. C. (2014). Making personal and professional learning mobile: Blending mobile devices, social media, social networks, and mobile apps to support PLEs, PLNs, & ProLNs. Journal of Current Issues in Media & Telecommunications, 6(1), 5–24.
Hermans, R., Tondeur, J., van Braak, J., & Valcke, M. (2008). The impact of primary school teachers’ educational beliefs on the classroom use of computers. Computers & Education, 51(4), 1499–1509.
Hu, Y., Wood, J. F., Smith, V., & Westbrook, N. (2004). Friendships through IM: Examining the relationship between instant messaging and intimacy. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 10(1), 38–48.
International Telecommunication Union. (2017). ICT facts and figures 2017. Geneva, Switzerland: International Telecommunication Union.
Kim, T. H., & Jin, S. H. (2015). Development of auditory design guidelines for improving learning on mobile phones. Computers & Education, 91, 60–72.
Kim, Y., Wang, Y., & Oh, J. (2016). Digital media use and social engagement: How social media and smartphone use influence social activities of college students. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, 19(4), 264–269.
Mamba, T., & Kohda, Y. (2017). Smartphone applications improve high school students’ learning achievements. In Proceedings of the Multidisciplinary Academic conference (pp. 499–506).
Moreira, F., Ferreira, M. J., Santos, C. P., & Durão, N. (2016). Evolution and use of mobile devices in higher education: A case study in Portuguese higher education institutions between 2009/2010 and 2014/2015. Telematics and Informatics.
Mouza, C., & Barrett-Greenly, T. (2015). Bridging the app gap: An examination of a professional development initiative on mobile learning in urban schools. Computers & Education, 88, 1–14.
Pham, X. L., Chen, G. D., Nguyen, T. H., & Hwang, W. Y. (2016). Card-based design combined with spaced repetition: A new interface for displaying learning elements and improving active recall. Computers & Education, 98, 142–156.
Quadri, C., Zignani, M., Capra, L., Gaito, S., & Rossi, G. P. (2014). Multidimensional human dynamics in mobile phone communications. PLoS One, 9(7), e103183.
Reychav, I., & Mchaney, R. (2017). The relationship between gender and mobile technology use in collaborative learning settings: An empirical investigation. Computers & Education, 113(1), 61–74.
Sarwar, M., & Soomro, T. R. (2013). Impact of smartphone’s on society. European Journal of Scientific Research, 98(2), 216–226.
Smith, A. (2015). US smartphone use in 2015. Pew Research Center. Retrieved from http://www.pewinternet.org/2015/04/01/us-smartphone-use-in-2015/.
Squire, K., & Dikkers, S. (2012). Amplifications of learning: Use of mobile media devices among youth. Convergence: The Journal of Research into New Media Technologies, 18(4), 445–464.
SY MediaLab. (2016). SY MediaLab big data project. Department of Journalism and Communication, Hong Kong Shue Yan University. Retrieved from http://www.symedialab.org.hk/symlbd/index.html.
Traxler, J. (2007). Defining, discussing and evaluating mobile learning: The moving finger writes and having writ.... The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 8(2).
Viberga, O., & Grönlund, Å. (2017). Understanding students’ learning practices: Challenges for design and integration of mobile technology into distance education. Learning, Media & Technology, 42(3), 357–377.
Wong, E. T. K., & Ma, W. W. K. (2017). Sharing data and knowledge: Exploring relationships and difference among day, time, gender, place, and smartphone use. In W. W. K. Ma et al. (Eds.), New ecology for education—Communication X learning (pp. 263–275). Singapore, Singapore: Springer.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Chow, T.CL., Ma, W.W.K. (2018). A Longitudinal Study on Smartphone Use in Hong Kong. In: Deng, L., Ma, W., Fong, C. (eds) New Media for Educational Change. Educational Communications and Technology Yearbook. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8896-4_17
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8896-4_17
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-10-8895-7
Online ISBN: 978-981-10-8896-4
eBook Packages: EducationEducation (R0)