Abstract
The recent and important huge cities’ growth and sprawl of huge cities combined with devolution processes contribute to present urban national parks as laboratories for emerging metropolitan governance on environmental issues. Nevertheless, this chapter deals with fieldwork evidences that contribute to consider such an assumption as highly debatable. The lack of communication between institutional actors both on city and park’s side is one explanation; the tremendous conflicts exceeding the metropolitan scale, so numerous around national parks, are another one. Moreover, stakeholders from the metropolitan emerging class seem to consider the parks as supports for their international purposes more than for theirselves. KW: governance, devolution/decentralization, NGOs, metropolis, international environmentalists, conflicts.
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Notes
- 1.
http://www.ecobrasil.org.br/publique/media/Brazil%20National%20Parks%20mar%202010.pdf, accessed September 10, 2015.
- 2.
http://www.sanparks.org/assets/docs/general/annual-report-2015.pdf, accessed September 10, 2015 (data from March 2014 to March 2015).
- 3.
Source: KWS, http://conservationfinance.org/guide/WPC/WPC_documents/Reglcasestudies_Kenya_ppt_v1.pdf, accessed September 10, 2015.
- 4.
http://www.savebrasil.org.br/cidadao-cientista/, accessed June 3, 2016.
- 5.
http://www.mumbaifirst.org/mission_group.php, accessed April 13, 2017.
- 6.
https://www.iucn.org/theme/protected−areas/about/protected−areas−categories/category−ii−national−park, accessed April 13, 2017.
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Fourault-Cauët, V., Steck, JF. (2018). National Parks in the Urban Arena: The Interplay of Actors for Incomplete Models of Governance. In: Landy, F. (eds) From Urban National Parks to Natured Cities in the Global South. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8462-1_9
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