Abstract
In this chapter Jones extends her discussion on the relevance of community relationships. She explains that her interview participants have identified a number of stakeholders who they would like more support from, or at least greater collaboration with. These relate to; the church, the Forest Department, and their associated organisations, and the public health service. Where interview participants have aligned their responses with the aims of these stakeholders, Jones draws the conclusion that they are seeking more direct support and greater recognition for their activities. She notes the type of stakeholder language used when discussing these issues, like ‘community capacity building’. Jones also discusses the healer’s relationship with time, their need to pass their knowledge on and the ways in which they do this.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
- 2.
The main ethnic groups in the area are the Mang’anga, Lomwe and Yao.
- 3.
Ryson did not elaborate on his use of the term “tree healers” but I interpreted it to mean those (traditional) healers who use trees and other plant medicines in their practices.
- 4.
Muula and Maseko (2005) note that when medical professionals attend meetings, workshops, seminars and conferences in community setting aimed at improving training and enhancing relationships, they receive an allowance. Interview participants did not disclose whether they received a similar payment for attending the capacity building workshops they were referring to.
- 5.
At the time of fieldwork, Dr Phiri Gangire was the president of HAM, the Herbalist Association of Malawi (Phungwako 2006), based in Kasungu district.
- 6.
Charles used the example of Ntcheu, only 190 kilometres to the north of Mulanje to indicate that practices can differ considerably, even over relatively short distances.
References
Aldridge, D. (2004a). A Qualitative Research Perspective on Healing. In Health, the Individual and Integrated Medicine: Raising an Aesthetic of Health Care (pp. 130–148). London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
Aldridge, D. (2004b). The Breath in Healing. In Health, the Individual and Integrated Medicine: Raising an Aesthetic of Health Care (pp. 149–162). London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
Balasubramanian, K., & Thamizoli, P. (2003). Social Differentiation in the Horizontal Transfer of Knowledge: A Case Study from Southern India. The Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension, 9(2), 51–60.
Buenz, E. J. (2005). Country Development Does Not Presuppose the Loss of Forest Resources for Traditional Medicine Use. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 100, 188–123.
Chilisa, B. (2012). Indigenous Research Methodologies. London: SAGE.
Chivaura, V. G. (2006). African Indigenous Worldviews and Ancient Wisdom: A Conceptual Framework for Development in Southern Africa. In J. E. Kunnie & N. I. Goduka (Eds.), Indigenous Peoples’ Wisdom and Power: Affirming our Knowledge Through Narratives (pp. 213–224). Farnham: Ashgate.
Ellen, R., & Harris, H. (2000). Introduction. In R. Ellen, P. Parkes, & A. Bicker (Eds.), Indigenous Environmental Knowledge and Transformation: Critical Anthropological Perspectives (pp. 1–29). Amsterdam: Harwood Academic Publisher.
Etkin, N. (2002). Local Knowledge of Biotic Diversity and its Conservation in Rural Hausaland, Northern Nigeria. Economic Botany, 56(1), 73–88.
Fassil, H. (2004). Building on Women’s Traditional Health and Medicinal Knowledge in Malawi. Opportunities for Support by the Malawi Social Action Fund (MASAF). Malawi: Africa Region Knowledge and Learning Centre-AFTKL
Gadgil, M., Seshagiri Rao, P. S., Utkarsh, G., Pramod, P., Chhatre, A., & Members of the People’s Biodiversity Initiative. (2000). New Meanings for Old knowledge: The People’s Biodiversity Registers Program. Ecological Applications, 10(5), 1307–1317.
Grzywacz, J., & Fuqua, J. (2000). The Social Ecology of Health: Leverage Points and Linkages. Behavioural Medicine, 26(3), 101–115.
Gubrium, J. (1988). Analysing Field Reality (Qualitative Research Methods). London: SAGE.
Halim, M., Chowdhury, M., Wadud, A., Uddin, M., Sarker, S., & Uddin, M. (2007). The Use of Plants in Traditional Health Care Practice of the Shaiji Community in Southwestern Bangladesh. Journal of Tropical Forest Science, 19(3), 168–175.
Ho, M.-W. (1996). Natural Being and Coherent Society. In P. Bunyard (Ed.), Gaia in Action: Science of the Living Earth (pp. 286–305). Great Britain: Floris Books.
Jain, S. K. (2000). Human Aspects of Plant Diversity. Economic Botany, 54(4), 459–470.
Kunnie, J. (2006). Indigenous African Knowledge: Human Rights and Globalisation. In J. E. Kunnie & N. I. Goduka (Eds.), Indigenous Peoples’ Wisdom and Power: Affirming Our Knowledge Through Narratives (pp. 257–270). London: Ashgate.
Lazarus, S., Baptise, D., & Seedat, M. (2009). Community Counselling in African Context. Journal of Psychology in Africa, 19(4), 436–469.
Lewis, H. (1988). Traditional Ecological Knowledge: Some Definitions. In N. Williams & G. Baines (Eds.), Traditional Ecological Knowledge: Wisdom for Sustainable Development (pp. 8–11). Canberra: Centre for Resources and Environment.
Light, M. E., Sparg, S. G., Stafford, G. I., & van Staden, J. (2005). Riding the Wave: South Africa’s Contribution to Ethnopharmacological Research Over the Last 25 Years. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 100, 127–130.
Mbiti, J. (1970). African Religion and Philosophy. New York: Praeger Publishers.
McMillen, H. (2008). Conserving the Roots of Trade: Local Ecological Knowledge of Ethnomedicines from Tanga, Tanzania Markets. Dissertation Abstracts International (UMI No. 3312595).
Mehl-Madrona, L. (2007). Narrative Medicine: The Use of History and Story in the Healing Process. Rochester: Bear and Company.
Ministry of Health. (2011). Health Sector Strategy Plan 2011-2016. Moving Towards Equity and Quality. Malawi: Malawi Government. Retrieved from http://www.medcol.mw/commhealth/publications/3%20Malawi%20HSSP%20Final%20Document%20(3).pdf
Morris, B. (1994). Anthropology of the Self: The Individual in Cultural Perspective. London: Pluto Press.
Morris, B. (1996). Chewa Medical Botany: A Study of Herbalism in Southern Malawi. Hamburg: International African Institute.
Muula, A., & Maseko, F. (2005). Survival and Retention Strategies for Malawian Health Professionals. Regional Network for Equity in Health in Southern Africa, (EQUINET), EUINET Discussion Paper 3.
Nangoma, D., & Nangoma, E. (2013). Climate Change and Adaptation Strategies: A Case Study of the Mulanje Mountain Forest Reserve and its Surroundings. Malawi: Mulanje Mountain Conservation Trust.
Norberg, J., & Cumming. G. (Eds.). (2008). Introduction to Part Two: Networks. InComplexity Theory for a Sustainable Future (pp. 81–83). New York: Columbia University Press.
Phungwako, V. J. (2006). A Critical Analysis of the Ethics of Integrating Traditional Medicine into the Malawian Health Care System. Unpublished Master’s Thesis, University of Malawi, Malawi.
Ross, E. (2008). The Intersection of Cultural Practices and Ethics in a Rights-Based Society: Implications for South African Social Workers. International Social Work, 51(3), 384–395.
Ross, E. (2010). Inaugural Lecture: African Spirituality, Ethics and Traditional Healing-Implications for Indigenous South African Social Work Education and Practice. SAJBI, 3(1), 44–51.
Simwaka, A., Pelzer, K., & Maluwa-Banda, D. (2007). Indigenous Healing Practices in Malawi. Journal of Psychology in Africa, 17(1), 155–162.
Sindima, H. (1989). Community of Life. The Ecumenical Review, 41(4), 537–551.
Sindima, H. (1990). Liberalism and African Culture. Journal of Black Studies, 21(2), 190–209.
Sodi, T. (2009). Indigenous Healers’ Diagnostic and Treatment Methods for Some Illnesses and Social Dysfunctions. Indilinga-African Journal of Indigenous Knowledge Systems, 8(1), 59–72.
Tsey, K. (1997). Traditional Medicine in Contemporary Ghana: A Public Policy Analysis. Social Sciences and Medicine, 45(7), 1065–1074.
Turner, N., Boelscher Ignace, M., & Ignace, R. (2000). Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Wisdom of Aboriginal Peoples in British Columbia. Ecological Applications, 10(5), 1275–1287.
van der Geest, S. (1997). Is There a Role for Traditional Medicine in Basic Health Services in Africa? A Plea for a Community Perspective. Tropical Medicine and International Health, 2(9), 903–911.
Vandebroek, I., Van Damme, P., Van Pyvelde, L., Arrazola, S., & De Kimpe, N. (2004). A Comparison of Traditional Healers’ Medicinal Plant Knowledge in the Bolivian Andes and Amazon. Social Sciences and Medicine, 59, 837–849.
Webb, C., & Bodin, Ӧ. (2008). A Network Perspective on Modularity and Control of Flow in Robust Systems. In J. Norberg & G. Cumming (Eds.), Complexity Theory for a Sustainable Future (pp. 85–111). New York: Columbia University Press.
Wisborg, P., & Jumbe, C. (2010). Mulanje Mountain Biodiversity Conservation Project. Mid-term Review for the Norwegian Government. Norway: Norad. Noagric report No. 57.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Jones, T. (2018). Community Relationships. In: Raising the Dust. Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8420-1_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8420-1_5
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-10-8419-5
Online ISBN: 978-981-10-8420-1
eBook Packages: Social SciencesSocial Sciences (R0)