Abstract
The cancer disease burden is increasing regularly due to various factors like mutation occurrence in genes, environmental changes, adopting a modern lifestyle, less physical exercises, and modern food habits. To cure this disease, chemotherapy is the major option including surgery for solid tumors followed by radiation therapy. Chemotherapy is associated with lots of side effects with synthetic compounds, whereas natural source of plant extracts and products is reliable and has less side effects of treatment. In line with this, plant extracts with active ingredients having anticancer potential are becoming popular for cancer therapy. These plant extracts are associated with more than one active compound. But, extraction procedures to convert them into final drug products are associated with different hurdles. However, recent research advocates that the real culprit of the disease is cancer stem cells present in tumor. There is a need to target cancer stem cells to bring novel strategies for the therapy. The present chapter summarizes the anticancer activities of plant active components targeting cancer as well as cancer stem cells for therapeutics.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Aggarwal BB, Shishodia S (2004) Suppression of the nuclear factor-kappaB activation pathway by spice-derived phytochemicals: reasoning for seasoning. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1030:434–441
Aggarwal BB, Shishodia S (2006) Molecular targets of dietary agents for prevention and therapy of cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 71:1397–1421
Aggarwal BB, Bhardwaj A, Aggarwal RS, Seeram NP, Shishodia S, Takada Y (2004) Role of resveratrol in prevention and therapy of cancer: preclinical and clinical studies. Anticancer Res 24:2783–2840
Aggarwal BB, Kunnumakkara AB, Harikumar KB, Tharakan ST, Sung B, Anand P (2008) Potential of spice-derived phytochemicals for cancer prevention. Planta Med 74:1560–1569
Antoni S, Soerjomataram I, Moller B, Bray F, Ferlay J (2016) An assessment of GLOBOCAN methods for deriving national estimates of cancer incidence. Bull World Health Organ 94:174–184
Balunas MJ, Kinghorn AD (2005) Drug discovery from medicinal plants. Life Sci 78:431–441
Calderon-Montano J, Burgos-Morón E, Pérez-Guerrero C, López-Lázaro M (2011) A review on the dietary flavonoid kaempferol. Mini Rev Med Chem 11:298–344
Cencic R, Carrier M, Galicia-Vázquez G, Bordeleau M-E, Sukarieh R, Bourdeau A, Brem B, Teodoro JG, Greger H, Tremblay ML (2009) Antitumor activity and mechanism of action of the cyclopenta [b] benzofuran, silvestrol. PLoS One 4:e5223
Cheung KL, Kong AN (2010) Molecular targets of dietary phenethyl isothiocyanate and sulforaphane for cancer chemoprevention. AAPS J 12:87–97
Choi JK, Murillo G, BN S, Pezzuto JM, Kinghorn A, Mehta RG (2006) Ixocarpalactone A isolated from the Mexican tomatillo shows potent antiproliferative and apoptotic activity in colon cancer cells. FEBS J 273:5714–5723
Clark R, Lee SH (2016) Anticancer properties of capsaicin against human cancer. Anticancer Res 36:837–843
Clarke JD, Dashwood RH, Ho E (2008) Multi-targeted prevention of cancer by sulforaphane. Cancer Lett 269:291–304
Clement V, Sanchez P, De Tribolet N, Radovanovic I, Altaba AR (2007) HEDGEHOG-GLI1 signaling regulates human glioma growth, cancer stem cell self-renewal, and tumorigenicity. Curr Biol 17:165–172
Couzin-Frankel J (2013) Breakthrough of the year 2013. Cancer immunotherapy. Science 342:1432–1433
Danaei G, Vander Hoorn S, Lopez AD, Murray CJ, Ezzati M, group CRAc (2005) Causes of cancer in the world: comparative risk assessment of nine behavioural and environmental risk factors. Lancet 366:1784–1793
Dandawate P, Padhye S, Ahmad A, Sarkar FH (2013) Novel strategies targeting cancer stem cells through phytochemicals and their analogs. Drug Deliv Transl Res 3:165–182
Dean M, Fojo T, Bates S (2005) Tumour stem cells and drug resistance. Nat Rev Cancer 5:275–284
Desai AG, Qazi GN, Ganju RK, El-Tamer M, Singh J, Saxena AK, Bedi YS, Taneja SC, Bhat HK (2008) Medicinal plants and cancer chemoprevention. Curr Drug Metabol 9:581–591
Dixon RA, Ferreira D (2002) Genistein. Phytochemistry 60:205–211
Donnenberg VS, Donnenberg AD (2005) Multiple drug resistance in cancer revisited: the cancer stem cell hypothesis. J Clin Pharmacol 45:872–877
Du GJ, Zhang Z, Wen XD, Yu C, Calway T, Yuan CS, Wang CZ (2012) Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) is the most effective cancer chemopreventive polyphenol in green tea. Forum Nutr 4:1679–1691
Espinoza I, Pochampally R, Xing F, Watabe K, Miele L (2013) Notch signaling: targeting cancer stem cells and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. OncoTarge Ther 6:1249–1259
Ferlay J, Shin HR, Bray F, Forman D, Mathers C, Parkin DM (2010) Estimates of worldwide burden of cancer in 2008: GLOBOCAN 2008. Int J Cancer 127:2893–2917
Fulda S (2008) Betulinic acid for cancer treatment and prevention. Int J Mol Sci 9:1096–1107
Gottesman MM, Fojo T, Bates SE (2002) Multidrug resistance in cancer: role of ATP-dependent transporters. Nat Rev Cancer 2:48–58
Greenwell M, Rahman P (2015) Medicinal plants: their use in anticancer treatment. Int J Pharm Sci Res 6:4103–4112
Gutheil W, Reed G, Ray A, Anant S, Dhar A (2012) Crocetin: an agent derived from saffron for prevention and therapy for cancer. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 13:173–179
Hosseini A, Ghorbani A (2015) Cancer therapy with phytochemicals: evidence from clinical studies. Avicenn J Phytomed 5:84–87
Hsu YL, Kuo PL, Lin CC (2004) Proliferative inhibition, cell-cycle dysregulation, and induction of apoptosis by ursolic acid in human non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells. Life Sci 75:2303–2316
Huang MT, Badmaev V, Ding Y, Liu Y, Xie JG, Ho CT (2000) Anti-tumor and anti-carcinogenic activities of triterpenoid,\ beta-boswellic acid. Biofactors 13:225–230
Hussain SP, Hofseth LJ, Harris CC (2003) Radical causes of cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 3:276–285
Ii T, Satomi Y, Katoh D, Shimada J, Baba M, Okuyama T, Nishino H, Kitamura N (2004) Induction of cell cycle arrest and p21 CIP1/WAF1 expression in human lung cancer cells by isoliquiritigenin. Cancer Lett 207:27–35
Jang M, Cai L, Udeani GO, Slowing KV, Thomas CF, Beecher CW, Fong HH, Farnsworth NR, Kinghorn AD, Mehta RG (1997) Cancer chemopreventive activity of resveratrol, a natural product derived from grapes. Science 275:218–220
Jung JI, Lim SS, Choi HJ, Cho HJ, Shin HK, Kim EJ, Chung WY, Park KK, Park JHY (2006) Isoliquiritigenin induces apoptosis by depolarizing mitochondrial membranes in prostate cancer cells. J Nutr Biochem 17:689–696
Kanazawa M, Satomi Y, Mizutani Y, Ukimura O, Kawauchi A, Sakai T, Baba M, Okuyama T, Nishino H, Miki T (2003) Isoliquiritigenin inhibits the growth of prostate cancer. Eur Urology 43:580–586
Kawasaki BT, Hurt EM, Mistree T, Farrar WL (2008) Targeting cancer stem cells with phytochemicals. Mol Interv 8:174–184
Kim YS, Farrar W, Colburn NH, Milner JA (2012) Cancer stem cells: potential target for bioactive food components. J Nutr Biochem 23:691–698
Klonisch T, Wiechec E, Hombach-Klonisch S, Ande SR, Wesselborg S, Schulze-Osthoff K, Los M (2008) Cancer stem cell markers in common cancers–therapeutic implications. Trends Mol Med 14:450–460
Li L, Neaves WB (2006) Normal stem cells and cancer stem cells: the niche matters. Cancer Res 66:4553–4557
Lin Y, Shi R, Wang X, Shen H-M (2008) Luteolin, a flavonoid with potential for cancer prevention and therapy. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 8:634–646
Lu M, Xia L, Hua H, Jing Y (2008) Acetyl-keto-β-Boswellic acid induces apoptosis through a death receptor 5–mediated pathway in prostate cancer cells. Cancer Res 68:1180–1186
Manson MM, Foreman BE, Howells LM, Moiseeva EP (2007) Determining the efficacy of dietary phytochemicals in cancer prevention. Biochem Soc Trans 35:1358–1363
Merchant AA, Matsui W (2010) Targeting Hedgehog-a cancer stem cell pathway. Clin Cancer Res 16:3130–3140
Mi Q, Cui B, Silva GL, Lantvit D, Lim E, Chai H, You M, Hollingshead MG, Mayo JG, Kinghorn AD (2001) Pervilleine a, a novel tropane alkaloid that reverses the multidrug-resistance phenotype. Cancer Res 61:4030–4037
Moitra K, Lou H, Dean M (2011) Multidrug efflux pumps and cancer stem cells: insights into multidrug resistance and therapeutic development. Clin Pharmacol Ther 89:491–502
Murakami A, Ohigashi H, Koshimizu K (1996) Anti-tumor promotion with food phytochemicals: a strategy for cancer chemoprevention. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 60:1–8
Murakami A, Takahashi D, Kinoshita T, Koshimizu K, Kim HW, Yoshihiro A, Nakamura Y, Jiwajinda S, Terao J, Ohigashi H (2002) Zerumbone, a southeast Asian ginger sesquiterpene, markedly suppresses free radical generation, proinflammatory protein production, and cancer cell proliferation accompanied by apoptosis: the α, β-unsaturated carbonyl group is a prerequisite. Carcinogenesis 23:795–802
Oberlies NH, Croy VL, Harrison ML, McLaughlin JL (1997) The annonaceous acetogenin bullatacin is cytotoxic against multidrug-resistant human mammary adenocarcinoma cells. Cancer Lett 115:73–79
Pandey MK, Sung B, Ahn KS, Kunnumakkara AB, Chaturvedi MM, Aggarwal BB (2007) Gambogic acid, a novel ligand for transferrin receptor, potentiates TNF-induced apoptosis through modulation of the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway. Blood 110:3517–3525
Petersen M, Simmonds MS (2003) Rosmarinic acid. Phytochemistry 62:121–125
Pistollato F, Giampieri F, Battino M (2015) The use of plant-derived bioactive compounds to target cancer stem cells and modulate tumor microenvironment. Food Chem Toxicol Brit Indust Biol Res Assoc 75:58–70
Raju J, Mehta R (2008) Cancer chemopreventive and therapeutic effects of diosgenin, a food saponin. Nutr Cancer 61:27–35
Ravindran J, Prasad S, Aggarwal BB (2009) Curcumin and cancer cells: how many ways can curry kill tumor cells selectively. AAPS J 11:495–510
Reya T, Morrison SJ, Clarke MF, Weissman IL (2001) Stem cells, cancer, and cancer stem cells. Nature 414:105–111
Sakinah SS, Handayani ST, Hawariah LA (2007) Zerumbone induced apoptosis in liver cancer cells via modulation of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Cancer Cell Int 7:4. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2867-7-4
Sawyers C (2004) Targeted cancer therapy. Nature 432:294–297
Scadden DT (2006) The stem-cell niche as an entity of action. Nature 441:1075–1079
Scharfenberg K, Wagner R, Wagner K (1990) The cytotoxic effect of ajoene, a natural product from garlic, investigated with different cell lines. Cancer Lett 53:103–108
Scheel C, Weinberg RA (2012) Cancer stem cells and epithelial–mesenchymal transition: concepts and molecular links. Semin Cancer Biol 5:396–403
Schwartsmann G, Ratain M, Cragg G, Wong J, Saijo N, Parkinson D, Fujiwara Y, Pazdur R, Newman D, Dagher R (2002) Anticancer drug discovery and development throughout the world. J Clin Oncol 20:47–59
Sharma PR, Shanmugavel M, Saxena AK, Qazi GN (2008) Induction of apoptosis by a synergistic lignan composition from Cedrus deodara in human cancer cells. Phytother Res 22:1587–1594
Shoeb M (2006) Anticancer agents from medicinal plants. Bangladesh J Pharmacol 1:35–41
Singh A, Settleman J (2010) EMT, cancer stem cells and drug resistance: an emerging axis of evil in the war on cancer. Oncogene 29:4741–4751
Singh S, Sharma B, Kanwar SS, Kumar A (2016a) Lead phytochemicals for anticancer drug development. Front Plant Sci 7:1667. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2016.01667
Singh AK, Sharma N, Ghosh M, Park YH, Jeong DK (2016b) Emerging importance of dietary phytochemicals in fight against cancer: role in targeting cancer stem cells. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 57:3449–3463
Singla R, Negi A, Singh V (2014) Indole based alkaloid in cancer: an overview. Pharm Tutor Mag 2:76–82
Sneddon JB, Werb Z (2007) Location, location, location: the cancer stem cell niche. Cell Stem Cell 1:607–611
Subramaniam D, Ramalingam S, Houchen CW, Anant S (2010) Cancer stem cells: a novel paradigm for cancer prevention and treatment. Mini Rev Med Chem 10:359–371
Suh Y, Afaq F, Johnson JJ, Mukhtar H (2009) A plant flavonoid fisetin induces apoptosis in colon cancer cells by inhibition of COX2 and Wnt/EGFR/NF-κB-signaling pathways. Carcinogenesis 30:300–307
Szakacs G, Paterson JK, Ludwig JA, Booth-Genthe C, Gottesman MM (2006) Targeting multidrug resistance in cancer. Nat Rev Drug Discov 5:219–234
Takahashi-Yanaga F, Kahn M (2010) Targeting Wnt signaling: can we safely eradicate cancer stem cells. Clin Cancer Res 16:3153–3162
Takebe N, Harris PJ, Warren RQ, Ivy SP (2011) Targeting cancer stem cells by inhibiting Wnt, Notch, and Hedgehog pathways. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 8:97–106
Takebe N, Miele L, Harris PJ, Jeong W, Bando H, Kahn M, Yang SX, Ivy SP (2015) Targeting Notch, Hedgehog, and Wnt pathways in cancer stem cells: clinical update. Nat rev Clin Oncol 12:445–464
Turkson J (2008) Anticancer drug discovery and anticancer drug development. In: Coleman W, Tsongalis G (eds) The molecular basis of human cancer. Humana Press, New York, pp 695–707
Wang H, Oo Khor T, Shu L, ZY S, Fuentes F, Lee JH, Tony Kong AN (2012) Plants vs. Cancer: a review on natural phytochemicals in preventing and treating cancers and their druggability. Anti Cancer Agents Med Chem 12:1281–1305
Weng JR, Tsai CH, Kulp SK, Chen CS (2008) Indole-3-carbinol as a chemopreventive and anti-cancer agent. Cancer Lett 262:153–163
Wicha MS, Liu S, Dontu G (2006) Cancer stem cells: an old idea-a paradigm shift. Cancer Res 66:1883–1890
Yang ZJ, Wechsler-Reya RJ (2007) Hit ‘em where they live: targeting the cancer stem cell niche. Cancer Cell 11:3–5
Yu Y, Hamza A, Zhang T, Gu M, Zou P, Newman B, Li Y, Gunatilaka AL, Zhan CG, Sun D (2010) Withaferin A targets heat shock protein 90 in pancreatic cancer cells. Biochem Pharmacol 79:542–551
Zhang HZ, Kasibhatla S, Wang Y, Herich J, Guastella J, Tseng B, Drewe J, Cai SX (2004) Discovery, characterization and SAR of gambogic acid as a potent apoptosis inducer by a HTS assay. Bioorg Med Chem 12:309–317
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Ajumeera, R., Thipparapu, G., Challa, S. (2018). Remedy of Targeting Cancer and Cancer Stem Cells with Botanicals. In: Akhtar, M., Swamy, M. (eds) Anticancer Plants: Natural Products and Biotechnological Implements. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8064-7_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8064-7_13
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-10-8063-0
Online ISBN: 978-981-10-8064-7
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)