Abstract
Isoforms of creatine kinase (CK) generate and use phosphocreatine, a concentrated and highly diffusible cellular “high energy” intermediate, for the main purpose of energy buffering and transfer in order to maintain cellular energy homeostasis. The mitochondrial CK isoform (mtCK) localizes to the mitochondrial intermembrane and cristae space, where it assembles into peripherally membrane-bound, large cuboidal homooctamers. These are part of proteolipid complexes wherein mtCK directly interacts with cardiolipin and other anionic phospholipids, as well as with the VDAC channel in the outer membrane. This leads to a stabilization and cross-linking of inner and outer mitochondrial membrane, forming so-called contact sites. Also the adenine nucleotide translocator of the inner membrane can be recruited into these proteolipid complexes, probably mediated by cardiolipin. The complexes have functions mainly in energy transfer to the cytosol and stimulation of oxidative phosphorylation, but also in restraining formation of reactive oxygen species and apoptosis. In vitro evidence indicates a putative role of mtCK in mitochondrial phospholipid distribution, and most recently a role in thermogenesis has been proposed. This review summarizes the essential structural and functional data of these mtCK complexes and describes in more detail the more recent advances in phospholipid interaction, thermogenesis, cancer and evolution of mtCK.
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Acknowledgments
The authors thank all present and former members of the groups at the Univ. Grenoble Alpes (formerly Université Joseph Fourier) and at ETH Zurich, in particular Prof. emer. Theo Wallimann for his continued interest in our work and valuable comments on the present chapter. More recent work by the authors has been funded by the French Agence Nationale de Recherche (chair of excellence to U.S.), the EU 7th framework program (ANTHRAWES no.041870 and ANTHRAPLUS no.249202 to M.T.S.).
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Schlattner, U., Kay, L., Tokarska-Schlattner, M. (2018). Mitochondrial Proteolipid Complexes of Creatine Kinase. In: Harris, J., Boekema, E. (eds) Membrane Protein Complexes: Structure and Function. Subcellular Biochemistry, vol 87. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7757-9_13
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