Abstract
This chapter aims to explore the history of transport system development, travel and freight demand characteristics, and issues in future transport planning in the Tokyo metropolitan region. According to in the 5th Tokyo Person Trip Survey, conducted in 2008, the average daily number of trips is 2.45, and this has not changed over the last two decades. The railway’s modal share has increased, while that of private cars has decreased in the last decade. Based on the Freight Flow Survey in 2013, 2.85 million tons of freight was moved in the Tokyo metropolitan region each day. The unique characteristics of the region’s urban railway system are that many private companies have constructed and operated, and that the through operation among several routes has been introduced widely. Regarding roads, the Tokyo Metropolitan Expressway is a unique infrastructure, the likes of which are seldom seen in most of the world’s cities in the world. On the contrary, Tokyo’s airport and seaport systems have less uniqueness and competitiveness compared with major airport and port systems in the East Asia region. The basic transport infrastructures of road, railway, airport, and seaport in the Tokyo metropolitan region have almost been completed, pursuant to a series of intensive transport infrastructure planning, with the objective of assisting economic growth. Looking to the future, the basic direction of the region’s transport planning in the coming decades will be developing a better management system to secure high utilization of the present transport infrastructures. Some of related planning issues are highlighted based on the future socioeconomic perspective of the region.
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Notes
- 1.
Refer to the webpage of the Tokyo Metropolitan Transportation Planning Council, https://www.tokyo-pt.jp/ (accessed 13 August 2016).
- 2.
The author calculates using the data shown in the official webpages of two subway operators, the Tokyo Metro Company and the Bureau of Transportation of the Tokyo Metropolitan Government.
- 3.
The author calculates using the route length date shown in the official webpages of railway operators. The network length in the Tokyo Metropolitan Region by East Japan Railway Company is calculated using the route length data in the Wikipedia.
- 4.
The author uses the same method as the note 3.
- 5.
The author calculates using the route length date shown in the official webpages of railway operators.
- 6.
Refer to the webpage of the Bureau of Construction, Tokyo Metropolitan Government, http://www.kensetsu.metro.tokyo.jp/jigyo/road/kanri/index.html (accessed August 13, 2016).
- 7.
The author calculates using the road surface area data of the Tokyo Metropolitan, Kanagawa Prefecture, Saitama Prefecture, and Chiba Prefecture in the road statistics 2015 issued by the Japanese Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, http://www.mlit.go.jp/road/ir/ir-data/tokei-nen/2015/pdf/d_genkyou04.pdf (Accessed 13 August 2016)
- 8.
Calculated by the author using the daily traffic volume on the official MEX webpage, the number of MEX users in the report of the 25th MEX Traffic and OD survey, and the number of car trips in the Tokyo PT5.
- 9.
Refer to the webpage of the Kanto Regional Development Bureau of the Japanese Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. http://www.ktr.mlit.go.jp/ honkyoku/road/3kanjo/international/foreign.htm (accessed August 13, 2016).
- 10.
Refer to the webpage of the Airport Council International, http://www.aci.aero/Data-Centre/Annual-Traffic-Data/Passengers/2013-final (accessed August 13, 2016).
- 11.
Refer to the webpage of the Narita International Airport Corporation, http://www.naa.jp/jp/airport/pdf/unyou/y_20140327_2.pdf (accessed August 13, 2016).
- 12.
Refer to the webpage of the Civil Aviation Bureau of the Japanese Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, http://www.mlit.go.jp/common/001081144.pdf (accessed August 13, 2016).
- 13.
Refer to the webpage of the Ports and Harbours Bureau of the Japanese Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, http://www.mlit.go.jp/k-toukei/saisintoukei.html (accessed August 13, 2016).
- 14.
Refer to the webpage of the Ports and Harbours Bureau of the Japanese Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. http://www.mlit.go.jp/common/000228235.pdf (accessed August 13, 2016).
- 15.
Refer to the webpage of the Ports and Harbours Bureau of the Japanese Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. http://www.mlit.go.jp/common/000228237.pdf (accessed August 13, 2016).
- 16.
Refer to the webpage of the National Institute of Population and Social Security Research, Japan, http://www.ipss.go.jp/pp-shicyoson/j/shicyoson13/t-page.asp (accessed August 13, 2016).
- 17.
Refer to the webpage of the Policy Bureau of the Japanese Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, http://www.mlit.go.jp/common/001133666. pdf (Accessed 13 August 2016)
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Shimizu, T. (2018). Transport Planning and Management in the Tokyo Metropolitan Region: Its History, Current Situation, and Future Perspectives. In: Kikuchi, T., Sugai, T. (eds) Tokyo as a Global City. International Perspectives in Geography, vol 8. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7638-1_12
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